Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-03-02
2002-03-05
Moore, Margaret G. (Department: 1712)
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
C524S845000, C524S767000, C524S765000, C525S431000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06353052
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to processes for making amide-type polymers that are modified with a silicone polymer emulsion comprising a silicone polymer. The silicone polymer emulsion may comprise water, diol, or a mixture thereof. The silicone polymer emulsion may also optionally comprise cosolvents. The invention further relates to amide-type polymer/silicone polymer blends.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is known to modify polyamide polymers by blending the polyamide polymer with another polymer in an extruder. To improve the impact properties of a polyamide, a low Tg elastomer is typically added to the polymer in a twin-screw extruder. For example,
Polymer Engineering and Science
, Vol. 23, 7, Page 380 (1983) discloses the use of maleated LDPE blended into nylon 6,6 in a torque rheometer. The effects of polyamide blend component properties and final blend morphology on properties are shown in
Adv. Chem. Ser
. (1993), 233 (Toughened Plastics 1), 70-104. The use of epoxy, carboxylic acid, and imide functionality in polyamide/core-shell rubber blends is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 04175370. Using anhydride and epoxy functionality in polyamide blends with rubbery ethylene copolymers is disclosed in WO 9522570. The size of the dispersed phase is critical in attaining good properties as taught in
J. Appl. Polym. Sci
. (1994), 54(3), pg 339-54. However, these previously disclosed methods of modifying polyamide polymers each require a separate blending step. Such blending processes are energy intensive, sometimes resulting in the reduction of the physical properties of the polymer, in particular the molecular weight, and the blending step is required, which utilizes more resources and more time.
There exists a need for a process for producing a polymer blend by more economical methods. Such a need has been solved by the present invention, which can achieve such a blend in a polymerization reactor, wherein the physical properties of the condensation polymer are maintained or improved.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect, the invention provides a method of making an amide-type polymer/silicone polymer blend comprising the steps of:
a. preparing a silicone polymer emulsion comprising a silicone polymer dispersed in a liquid continuous phase;
b. introducing the silicone polymer emulsion into an amide-type polymerization reaction medium prior to or during the reaction, wherein the reaction medium comprises 1) a diacid component and a diamine component, an oligomer of a diacid and a diamine component, or a mixture thereof; and
c. polymerizing the components of b)1, thereby providing an amide-type polymer/silicone polymer blend.
Still further, the invention provides, an amide-type polymer/silicone polymer blend comprising:
a. a silicone polymer emulsion comprising a silicone polymer; and
b. amide-type polymer
wherein the amide-type polymer is formed by introducing the silicone polymer emulsion into an amide-type polymerization reaction medium prior to or during the reaction and wherein the reaction medium comprises 1) a diacid component and a diamine component, an oligomer of a diacid and a diamine component, or a mixture thereof.
Still further, the invention provides a method of making an amide-type polymer/silicone polymer blend comprising the steps of:
a. preparing a silicone polymer emulsion comprising a liquid continuous phase;
b. introducing the silicone polymer emulsion into an amide-type polymer; and
c. extruding the silicone polymer emulsion and the amide-type polymer, thereby providing an amide-type polymer/silicone polymer blend.
Additional advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by means of the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the Examples included therein.
Before the present compositions of matter and methods are disclosed and described, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to specific synthetic methods or to particular formulations, as such may, of course, vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting.
In this specification and in the claims which follow, reference will be made to a number of terms which shall be defined to have the following meanings:
The singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
“Optional” or “optionally” means that the subsequently described event or circumstances may or may not occur, and that the description included instances where said event or circumstance occurs and instances where it does not.
“Silicone polymer emulsion” is herein defined as a dispersion of polymeric particles in a continuous phase, the polymeric particles preferably having a size range of from about 0.20 to about 1000 microns. Further preferably, the polymeric polymers have a particle size of from about 0.1 to about 10 microns. The silicone polymers of the present invention preferably have a molecular weight of about 5,000 to about 1,000,000 Daltons. The polymeric particles are preferably produced through emulsion polymerization processes. Alternatively, such emulsions may be prepared through direct emulsification e.g., mechanical emulsification processes.
“Diol” is a synonym for glycol or dihydric alcohol. “Polyol” is a polyhydric alcohol containing three or more hydroxyl groups.
The abbreviation “nm” means nanometers. “Tg” means glass transition temperature.
Throughout this application, where publications are referenced, the disclosures of these publications in their entireties are hereby incorporated by reference into this application to more fully describe the state of the art to which this invention pertains.
Ranges are often expressed herein as from about one particular value, and/or to about another particular value. When such a range is expressed, it is to be understood that another embodiment is from the one particular value and/or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent “about,” it will be understood that the particular value is another embodiment.
In one aspect, the invention provides a method of making an amide-type polymer/silicone polymer blend comprising the steps of:
a. preparing a silicone polymer emulsion comprising a silicone polymer dispersed in a liquid continuous phase;
b. introducing the silicone polymer emulsion into an amide-type polymerization reaction medium prior to or during the reaction, wherein the reaction medium comprises 1) a diacid component and a diamine component, an oligomer of a diacid and a diamine component, or a mixture thereof; and
c. polymerizing the components of b)1, thereby providing an amide-type polymer/silicone polymer blend.
Still further, the invention provides, an amide-type polymer/silicone polymer blend comprising:
(a) a silicone polymer emulsion comprising a silicone polymer; and
(b) amide-type polymer
wherein the amide-type polymer is formed by introducing the silicone polymer emulsion into an amide-type polymerization reaction medium prior to or during the reaction and wherein the reaction medium comprises 1) a diacid component and a diamine component, an oligomer of a diacid and a diamine component, or a mixture thereof.
Still further, the invention provides a method of making an amide-type polymer/silicone polymer blend comprising the steps of:
a. preparing a silicone polymer emulsion comprisi
Darnell William R.
Hale Wesley R.
Jones Allan Scott
Murray David Logan
Eastman Chemical Company
Graves, Jr. Esq. Bernard J.
Moore Margaret G.
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