Stock material or miscellaneous articles – All metal or with adjacent metals – Composite; i.e. – plural – adjacent – spatially distinct metal...
Patent
1981-09-03
1984-06-05
Rutledge, L. Dewayne
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
All metal or with adjacent metals
Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal...
420540, 420541, 308DIG8, C22C 2100, C22C 2110, F16C 3312
Patent
active
044528663
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to an aluminum-based alloy bearing. More specifically, the present invention relates to an improvement in a tin-containing aluminum-based alloy bearing which is used as a bearing for an internal combustion engine.
BACKGROUND ART
An aluminum-based alloy bearing of the type described above ordinarily has a structure comprising a tin containing aluminum-based alloy pressure-welded to a backing steel plate. In order to increase the welding strength between the tin-containing aluminum-based alloy and the backing steel plate, it is indispensable to anneal the welded assembly after pressure welding, and this annealing operation is ordinarily carried out for a long time at a temperature lower than the temperature forming an Al-Fe intermetallic compound. However, if the tin-containing aluminum alloy is exposed to such high temperatures at the above annealing step, aluminum crystal grains and tin precipitates are coarsened in the alloy structure, resulting in reduction of the high temperature hardness and fatigue-resistant strength, which are required for a bearing alloy. In order to eliminate the above defects of the tin-containing aluminum alloy, there has been used a bearing aluminum alloy comprising an additive element incorporated in addition to tin. For example, a tin-containing aluminum alloy comprising 3.5 to 4.5% of Sn, 3.5 to 4.5% of Si, and 0.7 to 1.3% of Cu with the balance being Al, a tin-containing aluminum alloy comprising 4 to 8% of Sn, 1 to 2% of Si, 0.1 to 2% of Cu and 0.1 to 1% of ni with the balance being Al, a tin-containing aluminum alloy comprising 3 to 40% of Sn, 0.1 to 5% of Pb, 0.2 to 2% of Cu, 0.1 to 3% of Sb, 0.2 to 3% of Si and 0.01 to 1% of Ti with the balance being Al, a tin-containing aluminum alloy comprising 15 to 30% of Sn and 0.5 to 2% of Cu with the balance being Al, and a tin-containing aluminum alloy comprising 1 to 23% of Sn, 1.5 to 9% of Pb, 0.3 to 3% of Cu and 1 to 8% of Si with the balance being Al (hereinafter referred to as "multi-component system bearing alloys") have been used for vehicles and the like.
Recently, reduction of the size and increase of the output are required in internal combustion engines for automobiles, and furthermore, attachment of an apparatus for reducing a blow-bye gas is required for purging an exhaust gas. Therefore, conditions under which bearings are used become severe. More specifically, the size of bearings has recently been reduced and the bearings are used under higher load and higher temperature conditions than in the past. Accordingly, fatigue fracture and abnormal abrasion readily occur in the conventional multicomponent system bearing alloys and troubles are caused in internal combustion engines for automobiles by these undersirable phenomena. In metal materials, a fatigue phenomenon ordinarily takes place when they are used over a long period of time, but in recent internal combustion engines, fatigue fracture of bearings is sometimes caused even when a high load operation is conducted for a relatively short time. The temperature of a lubricating oil in an internal combustion engine is increased at a high load operation. For example, the temperature of lubricating oil in an oil pan is elevated to 130.degree. to 150.degree. C., and it is therefore presumed that the bearing has a sliding contact with an opposite member, for example, a crank shaft, at a relatively high temperature. In a conventional multicomponent system bearing alloys, the high temperature hardness is drastically reduced by this sliding contact at high temperatures, and melting or migration of the tin phase is caused in the multicomponent system bearing alloys. We believe that the fatigue-resistant strength is reduced in the multicomponent system bearing alloys because of such reduction of the high temperature hardness and melting or migration of the tin phase.
In recent internal combustion engines, in order to reduce the cost of shafts such as crank shafts, customary shafts of forged steel tend to be replaced by ductile
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"Effect of Copper, Silicon and Zinc on the Wear-Resistance of Aluminum Alloys Bearing Containing 20% Tin", Inoshita et al., Chemical Abstracts, 87:57043s, 1977.
Kamiya Soji
Muraki Takeshi
Rutledge L. Dewayne
Taiho Kogyo Co. Ltd.
Zimmerman John J.
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