Chemistry: electrical current producing apparatus – product – and – Process of cell operation – Electrolyte circulation
Patent
1989-01-23
1991-07-16
Kalafut, Stephen J.
Chemistry: electrical current producing apparatus, product, and
Process of cell operation
Electrolyte circulation
429 69, 429206, H01M 238
Patent
active
050324748
ABSTRACT:
The invention concerns batteries with aluminium alloy anodes, and generally aqueous alkaline electrolytes and cathodes. The anode in an alloy of Al with an activating element selected from Cd, Sn, Bi, Sb, In, Be, B, Se, Te, P, As, C, Re, Pd, Nb, Si and Zn. When the anode is polarized at a suitable electro-negative potential, typically from -1.8V to -2.3V relative to a Hg/HgO reference electrode, the anode operates in a new state, herein called a hyper-active state, in which the battery operates at a higher voltage and/or hydrogen gas is generated at a higher rate than in conventional aluminium batteries. The hyper-active state is maintained by control of anode potential (typically around -2.0V at a low current densities) and electrolyte hydrodynamics.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3880671 (1975-04-01), Kordesch et al.
patent: 4146678 (1979-03-01), Anthony et al.
patent: 4814240 (1989-03-01), Zaromb
Alcan International Limited
Kalafut Stephen J.
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