Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Having -c- – wherein x is chalcogen – bonded directly to...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-01-27
2002-03-19
Chang, Ceila (Department: 1625)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Having -c-, wherein x is chalcogen, bonded directly to...
C514S183000, C514S211070, C514S218000, C514S226800, C514S227800, C514S231200, C514S255030, C514S256000, C514S258100, C514S269000, C514S309000, C514S311000, C514S321000, C514S323000, C514S326000, C514S336000, C514S357000, C514S362000, C514S365000, C514S367000, C514S372000, C514S373000, C514S374000, C514S375000, C514S378000, C514S379000, C514S383000, C514S385000, C514S394000, C514S396000, C514S403000, C514S408000, C514S412000, C514S422000, C540S544000, C540S575000, C544S056000, C544S059000, C544S088000, C544S
Reexamination Certificate
active
06358980
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF INVENTION
This invention relates to acetylenic hydroxamic acids which act as inhibitors of TNF-&agr; converting enzyme (TACE). The compounds of the present invention are useful in disease conditions mediated by TNF-&agr;, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, sepsis, AIDS, ulcerative colitis, multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease and degenerative cartilage loss.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of enzymes that have been implicated in the pathological destruction of connective tissue and basement membranes. These zinc containing endopeptidases consist of several subsets of enzymes including collagenases, stromelysins and gelatinases. Of these classes, the gelatinases have been shown to be the MMPs most intimately involved with the growth and spread of tumors. It is known that the level of expression of gelatinase is elevated in malignancies, and that gelatinase can degrade the basement membrane which leads to tumor metastasis. Angiogenesis, required for the growth of solid tumors, has also recently been shown to have a gelatinase component to its pathology. Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that gelatinase is involved in plaque rupture associated with atherosclerosis. Other conditions mediated by MMPs are restenosis, MMP-mediated osteopenias, inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system, skin aging, tumor growth, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, septic arthritis, corneal ulceration, abnormal wound healing, bone disease, proteinuria, aneurysmal aortic disease, degenerative cartilage loss following traumatic joint injury, demyelinating diseases of the nervous system, cirrhosis of the liver, glomerular disease of the kidney, premature rupture of fetal membranes, inflammatory bowel disease, periodontal disease, age related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, ocular inflammation, keratoconus, Sjogren's syndrome, myopia, ocular tumors, ocular angiogenesis
eo-vascularization and corneal graft rejection. For recent reviews, see: (1) Recent Advances in Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitor Research, R. P. Beckett, A. H. Davidson, A. H. Drummond, P. Huxley and M. Whittaker, Research Focus, Vol. 1, 16-26, (1996), (2) Curr. Opin. Ther. Patents (1994) 4(1): 7-16, (3) Curr. Medicinal Chem. (1995) 2: 743-762, (4) Exp. Opin. Ther. Patents (1995) 5(2): 1087-110, (5) Exp. Opin. Ther. Patents (1995) 5(12): 1287-1196: (6) Exp. Opin. Ther. Patents (1998) 8(3): 281-259.
TNF-&agr; converting enzyme (TACE) catalyzes the formation of TNF-&agr; from membrane bound TNF-&agr; precursor protein. TNF-&agr; is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is believed to have a role in rheumatoid arthritis [Shire, M. G.; Muller, G. W.
Exp. Opin. Ther. Patents
1998, 8(5), 531; Grossman, J. M.; Brahn, E.
J. Women's Health
1997, 6(6), 627; Isomaki, P.; Punnonen, J.
Ann. Med.
1997, 29, 499; Camussi, G.; Lupia, E.
Drugs,
1998, 55(5), 613.] septic shock [Mathison, et. al.
J. Clin. Invest.
1988, 81, 1925; Miethke, et. al.
J. Exp. Med.
1992, 175, 91.], graft rejection [Piguet, P. F.; Grau, G. E.; et. al.
J. Exp. Med.
1987, 166, 1280.], cachexia [Beutler, B.; Cerami, A.
Ann. Rev. Biochem.
1988, 57, 505.], anorexia, inflammation [Ksontini, R,; MacKay, S. L. D.; Moldawer, L. L.
Arch. Surg.
1998, 133, 558.], congestive heart failure [Packer, M. Circulation, 1995, 92(6), 1379; Ferrari, R.; Bachetti, T.; et. al. Circulation, 1995, 92(6), 1479.], post-ischaemic reperfusion injury, inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, inflammatory bowel disease, insulin resistance [Hotamisligil, G. S.; Shargill, N. S.; Spiegelman, B. M.; et. al.
Science,
1993, 259, 87.] and HIV infection [Peterson, P. K.; Gekker, G.; et. al.
J. Clin. Invest.
1992, 89, 574; Pallares-Trujillo, J.; Lopez-Soriano, F. J. Argiles, J. M.
Med. Res. Reviews,
1995, 15(6), 533.]], in addition to its well-documented antitumor properties [Old, L.
Science,
1985, 230, 630.]. For example, research with anti-TNF-&agr; antibodies and transgenic animals has demonstrated that blocking the formation of TNF-&agr; inhibits the progression of arthritis [Rankin, E. C.; Choy, E. H.; Kassimos, D.; Kingsley, G. H.; Sopwith, A. M.; Isenberg, D. A.; Panayi, G. S.
Br. J. Rheumatol.
1995, 34, 334;
Pharmaprojects,
1996, Therapeutic Updates 17 (October), 197-M2Z.]. This observation has recently been extended to humans as well as described in “TNF-&agr; in Human Diseases”,
Current Pharmaceutical Design,
1996, 2, 662.
It is expected that small molecule inhibitors of TACE would have the potential for treating a variety of disease states. Although a variety of TACE inhibitors are known, many of these molecules are peptidic and peptide-like which suffer from bioavailability and pharmacokinetic problems. In addition, many of these molecules are non-selective, being potent inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases and, in particular, MMP-1. Inhibition of MMP-1 (collagenase 1) has been postulated to cause joint pain in clinical trials of MMP inhibitors [
Scrip,
1998, 2349, 20] Long acting, selective, orally bioavailable non-peptide inhibitors of TACE would thus be highly desirable for the treatment of the disease states discussed above.
Sulfone hydroxamic acid inhibitors of MMPs, of general structure I have been disclosed [Burgess, L. E.; Rizzi, J. P.; Rawson, D. J. Eur Patent Appl. 818442. Groneberg, R. D.; Neuenschwander, K. W.; Djuric, S. W.; McGeehan, G. M.; Burns, C. J.; Condon, S. M.; Morrissette, M. M.; Salvino, J. M.; Scotese, A. C.; Ullrich, J. W. PCT Int. Appl. WO 97/24117. Bender, S. L.; Broka, C. A.; Campbell, J. A.; Castelhano, A. L.; Fisher, L. E.; Hendricks, R. T.; Sarma, K. Eur. Patent Appl. 780386. Venkatesan, A. M.; Grosu, G. T.; Davis, J. M.; Hu, B.; O'Dell, M. J. PCT Int. Appl. WO 98/38163.]. An exemplification of this class of MMP inhibitor is RS-130830, shown below.
Within the sulfone-hydroxamic acid class of MMP inhibitor, the linker between the sulfone and hydroxamic acid moieties has been extended to three carbons (I, n=2) without significant loss in potency [Barta, T. E.; Becker, D. P.; Villamil, C. I.; Freskos, J. N.; Mischke, B. V.; Mullins, P. B.; Heintz, R. M.; Getman, D. P.; McDonald, J. J. PCT Int. Appl. WO 98/39316. McDonald, J. J.; Barta, T. E.; Becker, D. P.; Bedell, L. J.; Rao, S. N.; Freskos, J. N.; Mischke, B. V. PCT Int. Appl. WO 98/38859.].
Piperidine sulfone hydroxamic acids, II (n=1) have been reported [Becker, D. P.; Villamil, C. I.; Boehm, T. L.; Getman, D. P.; McDonald, J. J.; DeCrescenzo, G. A. PCT Int. Appl. WO 98/39315.]. Similar piperidine derivatives in which the methylene linking the piperidine ring to the sulfone has been deleted (II, n=0) have been reported [Venkatesan, A. M.; Grosu, G. T.; Davis, J. M.; Baker, J. L. PCT Int. Appl. WO 98/37877.].
Sulfone-hydroxamic acids III, in which a hydroxyl group has been placed alpha to the hydroxamic acid, have been disclosed [Freskos, J. N.; Boehm, T. L.; Mischke, B. V.; Heintz, R. M.; McDonald, J. J.; DeCrescenzo, G. A.; Howard, S. C. PCT Int. Appl. WO 98/39326. Robinson, R. P. PCT Int. Appl. WO 98/34915.].
Sulfone-based MMP inhibitors of general structure IV, which utilize a thiol as the zinc chelator, have been reported [Freskos, J. N.; Abbas, Z. S.; DeCrescenzo, G. A.; Getman, D. P.; Heintz, R. M.; Mischke, B. V.; McDonald, J. J. PCT Int. Appl. WO 98/03164].
Inhibitors of stromelysin with general structure V have been disclosed [Shuker, S. B.; Hajduk, P. J.; Meadows, R. P.; Fesik, S. W.
Science,
1996, 274, 1531-1534. Hajduk, P. J.; Sheppard, G.; Nettesheim, D. G.; Olejniczak, E. T.; Shuker, S. B.; Meadows, R. P.; Steinman, D. H.; Carrera, Jr., G. M.; Marcotte, P. A.; Severin, J.; Walter, K.; Smith, H.; Gubbins, E.; Simmer, R.; Holzman, T. F.; Morgan, D. W.; Davidsen, S. K.; Summers, J. B.; Fesik, S. W.
J.
Baker Jannie L.
Chen James M.
Du Mila T.
Levin Jeremy I.
Sandanayaka Vincent P.
American Cyanamid Company
Chang Ceila
Hogan Jr. John W.
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