Alkaline lipases

Details Alkaline lipases Alkaline lipases

1995-05-23

1998-06-09

Lieberman, Paul

Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions

Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing

Enzyme component of specific activity or source

510530, 435198, C11D 3386, C12N 920

Patent

active

057633835

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a PCT of PCT/DK93/00442 filed Dec. 22, 1993, which is incorporated herein by reference.


TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to a novel positionally non-specific, alkaline lipase which is useful, e.g., in detergents. The invention also relates to a method of producing the novel lipase and to a detergent composition comprising the novel lipase.


BACKGROUND ART

Within the last 5 years, a microbial lipase derived from the fungus Humicola lanuginosa has been introduced into many commercial brands of detergent in order to improve the removal of fatty stains. Other microbial lipases have also been suggested for use in detergents, e.g. bacterial lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia (U.S. Pat. No. 4,876,024).
Many detergents are alkaline with a high pH in solution (e.g. around pH 10) and contain a builder to bind Ca.sup.++ ions. It is the object of this invention to provide a lipase with high activity at high pH in the absence of Ca.sup.++. The lipase should be positionally non-specific to be able to hydrolyze all ester bonds in triglycerides.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Surprisingly, we have found that a highly alkaline, positionally non-specific lipase can be obtained from strains of Streptomyces, cluster 1. Strains of cluster 1 of Streptomyces were not previously known to produce lipase.
Accordingly, in its first aspect, the invention provides a lipase preparation which: optimum pH, when both activities are determined in a Ca.sup.++ free assay with olive oil as substrate and polyvinyl alcohol as emulsifier at 40.degree. C. for 20 minutes, and
In another aspect, the invention provides a lipase which: olive oil as substrate and polyvinyl alcohol as emulsifier at 40.degree. C. for 20 minutes, and strain of Streptomyces cluster 1.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a process for producing the lipase preparation of the invention, comprising cultivation of a lipase-producing strain of Streptomyces cluster 1 in a suitable nutrient medium, containing carbon and nitrogen sources and inorganic salts, followed by recovery of the desired enzyme.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a detergent composition comprising the lipase of the invention.


BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

The present invention is further illustrated by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIGS. 1-7 shows pH profiles for the activity of lipase preparations of the invention derived from the following strains: S. griseus LB 501 (DSM 7349), S. griseus LB 502 (DSM 7350), S. coelicolor LB 511 (FERM BP-4236), S. coelicolor LB 512 (FERM BP-4237), S. griseus LB 524 (DSM 8672), S. coelicolor N 2293 (ATCC 23899) and S. paivus N 2300 (ATCC 12433). Further details are given in Example 6.
FIG. 8 shows chromatograms from latroscan after hydrolysis of olive oil with a lipase preparation of the invention (from LB 502) and a prior-art positionally specific lipase (Lipolase). Further details are given in Example 8.
FIG. 9 shows the effect of Ca.sup.++ addition on the activity of a lipase preparation of the invention. Further details are given in Example 11.


DETAILED DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION



Microorganisms

The microbial strain used in this invention is a bacterium of the order Actinomycetales which belongs to Streptomyces cluster 1, as defined by S. T. Williams et al., Journal of General Microbiology (1983), 129, 1743-1813.
Within Streptomyces cluster 1, the following subclusters, species and strains are preferred. Variants and mutants thereof capable of producing the lipase described above may also be used in the invention.


______________________________________ Subcluster Species Strain ______________________________________ 1A S. albidoflavus S coelicolor ATCC 23899 FERM BP-4236 FERM BP-4237 S. limosus ATCC 19778 (Type strain) 1B S. alboviridis ATCC 25425 (Type strain) S. griseus ATCC 23345 (Type strain) DSM 7349 DSM 7350 DSM 8672 S. parvus ATCC 12433 (Type strain) S. setonii ATCC 25497 (Type strain) 1C S. nitrosporeus ATCC 12769 (Type

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