Classifying – separating – and assorting solids – Fluid suspension – Gaseous
Patent
1998-02-06
1999-08-17
Terrell, William E.
Classifying, separating, and assorting solids
Fluid suspension
Gaseous
209142, 209143, 55409, B04B 512, B07B 400, B07B 702, B07B 704
Patent
active
059380462
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a grader based on the air separation principle.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
In graders of this type the bladed rotors serve for the realization of a forced vortical sink flow. The form of the rotors can be cylindrical or conical and the blades or rotor vanes can have different forms and setting angles. The solid to be graded and the fluid (gas or liquids) are emplaced together (as an aerosol or suspension) or separately. Within the rotor a motion component in the circumferential or tangential direction is disks. Due to the effect of the forces directed a in the opposite direction--centrifugal, or radial force, sweeping force of the fluid--the desired gradation takes place.
Independently of whether or not the fluid used is a gas or a liquid, in graders of this type optimum flow conditions are a fundamental prerequisite, especially for the discrimination of the gradation.
In known air separators the rotor disks extend up to the outer circumference of the blading. The channel serving for the feed of the solid and the fluid in these air separators is encompassed on three sides by the housing and on one side by the outer circumference of the rotor. The stationary portion of the inner walls of the outer channel, thus the region which has a braking effect on product-fluid flow, is thus relatively large. This leads to friction losses and to the development of secondary flows, thus to flow turbulences which impair the quality of the gradation.
The present invention is based on the task of creating a grader of the above cited type, in which the described turbulences impairing the quality of the gradation are minimized.
According to the invention this task is solved with the characterizing features of the patent claims. In a grader with these characteristics the outer channel serving for the feed of solid and fluid is encompassed on three sides by mutually rotating walls. This leads to the following advantages: a more rapid decrease of the circumferential velocity and which exerts a disadvantageous effect on the gradation is avoided, wall is prevented, direction between stationary housing wall and rotating fluid/solid are decreased or even avoided such that the pressure loss is minimized, of the flow as well as also the minimization of the flow turbulence is attained which is caused by the pulse exchange between fluid and solid.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Further advantages and details of the invention will be explained in conjunction with the embodiment examples depicted schematically in FIGS. 1 to 4. Therein show:
FIG. 1 and 2 partial sections through a rotor according to the invention with tangential solid/fluid feed,
FIG. 3 a partial section through a rotor with axially parallel solid/fluid feed, and
FIG. 4 a top view onto openings serving in the embodiment example according to FIG. 3 for the solid/fluid feed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In all Figures the housing of the grader is denoted by 1, the rotor by 2, its axis of rotation by 3, its blading by 4, the rotor disks enclosing the blading 4 by 5 and 6, and the outer channel by 7. The diameter of the rotor disks are such that their outer edges 8 and 9 extend into the channel 7 and form lateral boundaries of the channel 7.
In the embodiment example according to FIGS. 1 and 2 the feed of solid and fluid takes place via a tangentially directed inlet (inlet ports 11 with an arrow 12 in FIG. 2). In the separating zone (channel 7) and in the rotor 2 the gradation takes place. The coarse material leaves the channel 7 via a (not shown) outlet. The fine material flows through the rotor 2 from the outside inwardly and leaves the grader in the axial direction (arrow 13 in FIG. 1).
The embodiment example according to FIGS. 3 and 4 differs from the embodiment example according to FIGS. 1 and 2 with respect to the solid feed. In the region of the upper rotor disk 5 the housing 1 is equipped with an annular cutout 15 which, together with the upper rotor disk 5, forms an annular chamber 16 extending approximately
REFERENCES:
patent: 2914172 (1959-11-01), Lykken et al.
patent: 2915179 (1959-12-01), Lykken
patent: 3767045 (1973-10-01), Voelskow
patent: 4919795 (1990-04-01), Fujii et al.
Dillon, Jr. Joe
Hosokawa MikroPul GmbH
Terrell William E.
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