Refrigeration – Material cooling means including gas-liquid contactor – Diverse treating means
Patent
1987-04-23
1988-09-20
King, Lloyd L.
Refrigeration
Material cooling means including gas-liquid contactor
Diverse treating means
623241, 165 3, F28D 500
Patent
active
047716118
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to an improved means and method of cooling, heating and humidity changing of air for achieving controlled air-conditioning of a space; for example in a dwelling, office, restaurant, hospital, factory or warehouse, which enables substantial energy savings to be made over that required by prior traditional technology in heat pumps.
In this text the title "heat pump" is used in the general sense of any refrigeration system which can be used to provide air-conditioning depending on whether the cooling means, humidity control means or heating means is in the supply air stream. "Supply air" is the air that enters the space being air conditioned after passing through the aforementioned means. "Return air" is the air that leaves the space and passes through the aforementioned means.
Depending on the embodiment, this invention can provide control of both air humidity and temperature while cooling or heating, whilst at the same time providing high ventilation rates to maintain required indoor air quality and air movement.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The principal objective of an air-conditioning system for human occupancy in buildings is to provide a controlled comfortable and healthy indoor environment. Other objectives of an air-conditioning system can be to provide for the special requirements of storage, processes or equipment operation within a building.
The fundamental variables for an air-conditioning system to control in a defined indoor zone are air temperature, air humidity, air movement and air quality.
The work of scientists has shown that human comfort (also called thermal acceptability) is achieved, when the values of air dry bulb temperature, mean radiant temperature, humidity and air movement conform to a defined relationship called a "comfort equation".
This equaltion also incorporates the additional variables of human activity and clothing level.
Comfort indoors or other required conditions are achieved by the invention described herein by controlling air dry bulb temperature, humidity and air movement in the occupied space.
An advantageous characteristic of the invention when used for cooling particularly in comfort applications is the ability to provide a larger supply air quantity at higher dry bulb temperature while maintaining dehumidification but without the energy penalty associated with traditional heat pump systems attempting the same process and thereby reducing their dehumidifying capacity. The advantages in this characteristic of the invention are threefold and interrelated. They are: thereby permitting higher air dry bulb temperature (than traditionally used) while being able to provide comfort conditions in accordance with the aforementioned "Comfort Equation". bulb temperature and comfort is shown to be such that an increase in air movement of 0.275 m/s would allow an increase in air dry bulb temperature of 1.degree. K. for the same comfort condition. The subject invention readily allows an increase of 2.degree. K. for the same comfort conditions, (i.e. an increase in air movement of 0.55 m/s). the heat transmission through the building envelope as a result of the smaller temperature difference between outside and inside the building. The quantity of heat transmitted is directly related to this temperature difference thus the lower the heat quantity the less energy is required in the cooling system to extract it from the building. used) damage to internal building surfaces which frequently occurs in tropical climates can be avoided. It is often unavoidable that the supply air, as it enters the occupied space through the distribution system, impinges directly on internal wall or ceiling surfaces. If this impingement occurs prior to mixing with or entraining inside air to thereby, in turn, raise the mixed temperature above dew point temperature, then the building surface can become cold enough for moisture to condense on it and cause damage by staining and increase in mass leading to structural failure.
An associated problem occurs if the supply air temperatur
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Dricon Air Pty Limited
King Lloyd L.
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