Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Reexamination Certificate
1998-09-15
2002-04-02
Kelly, Cynthia H. (Department: 1774)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
C510S349000, C510S388000, C510S387000, C510S444000, C510S507000, C510S511000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06365563
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to an antimicrobial detergent additive, to a process for its preparation as well as to a detergent comprising said detergent additive.
Textile fibre materials may be antimicrobially finished in different ways, for example in the course of the washing process. Unfortunately, antimicrobial active substances are oxidationsensitive against the bleaching components present in the detergent, for example perborates, so that the antimicrobial effect of such a detergent can be markedly impaired or may even be completely non-existent.
Accordingly, the object of this invention is to provide an antimicrobial detergent additive which remains oxidation-stable with respect to the other detergent components, thus providing the detergent as a whole with good storage stability and simultaneously causing the anti-microbial effect to fully unfold during the washing process.
Surprisingly, it has been found that these conditions are met by a detergent additive in agglomerate form (granulate form), which comprises besides the antimicrobial active substance at least one swellable layered silicate and a surfactant, i.e. the antimicrobial active substance present in this detergent additive is protected against oxidants and is available in the washing solution after the agglomerate has dissolved. The detergent additive has good mechanical stability and good storage stability and decomposes well in water, and the anti-microbial active substance is homogeneously distributed during the washing process
Accordingly, this invention relates to a detergent additive in agglomerate form, which comprises at least one swellable layered silicate, an antimicrobial active substance and a surfactant.
In addition to the swellable layered silicate, the antimicrobial active substance and the surfactant, the detergent additive optionally comprises an alkali salt, such as alkali sulfate, alkali carbonate or alkali (poly)phosphate.
The detergent additive according to this invention preferably comprises
(a) 5 to 60% by weight of swellable layered silicate;
(b) 5 to 35 by weight of surfactant;
(c) 0.1 to 20% by weight of an antimicrobial active substance; and
(c) 0 to 60% by weight of alkali salt.
The swellable layered silicate is preferably a natural or synthetic clay mineral or a synthetic sodium silicate in laminar form. The swellable clay mineral is preferably montmorillonite, beidelite, saponite or hectorite.
The layered silicate is very particularly preferably finely ground bentonite. Bentonite contains montmorillonite as main mineral which is a swellable dioctahedric natural layered silicate of formula
Na
0.66
(OH)
4
Si
8
(Al
3.34
·Mg
0.66
)O
20
.
Each layer is composed of three parts, two tetrahedric layers with Si as central atom enclosing an octahedric layer with Al as central atom. As is obvious from the general formula, Al
3+
is partially isomorphically replaced by Mg
2+
. The resultant excess charge is compensated between the layers by Na
+
or Ca
2+
. The montmorillonite can be used in the sodium or calcium form or in the form of a calcium montmorillonite in which the calcium ion is replaced by soda ions.
The bentonite powder preferably has a residual moisture content of about 10% by weight and a residue on sieve of not more than 30% per 45 &mgr;m.
Besides these natural minerals it is also possible to use synthetically produced clay minerals from the above group, for example synthetic laminar sodium silicates (e.g. the commercial product SKS 6, of Hoechst AG).
The layered silicate is preferably used in an amount of 10 to 50% by weight, preferably of 30 to 50% by weight.
The swellable layered silicates have the property of intercalating polar agents between the silicate laminates under inner-crystalline swelling which, at higher concentrations, results in an increased interspace between the layers.
The surfactant used according to this invention is preferably an anionic or nonionic surfactant.
Suitable anionic surfactants are preferably those compounds which are selected from the group consisting of the
acid esters or the salts thereof of alkylene oxide adducts of formula
wherein
X is the acid radical of an inorganic oxygen-containing acid; such as sulfuric acid or, preferably, phosphoric acid, or also the radical of an organic acid, and
Y is C
1
-C
12
alkyl, aryl or aralkyl,
“alkylene” denotes the ethylene radical or propylene radical, and
m is 1 to 4, and
n is 4to 50;
polystyrene sulfonates,
fatty acid taurides,
alkylated diphenyl oxide mono- or disulfonates,
sulfonates of polycarboxylic acid esters,
addition products of 1 to 60, preferably of 2 to 30 mol, of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with fatty amines, fatty amides, fatty acids or fatty alcohols, each of which contains 8 to 22 carbon atoms, or with tri- to hexavalent alkanols containing 3 to 6 carbon atoms, which addition products are converted with an organic dicarboxylic acid or an inorganic polybasic acid to an acid ester,
lignin sulfonates, and
formaldehyde condensates.
Suitable nonionic surfactants are preferably fatty alcohol ethoxylates of formula
R—O—(EO)
y
—H, (2)
wherein
R is a hydrocarbon radical of 10 to 18, preferably of 12 to 18, carbon atoms; or a radical of formula (2a)
EO is an ethylene oxide group;
Y
1
is C
1
-C
12
alkyl, aryl or aralkyl;
m
1
is 1 to 4;
and
y is a number from 2 to 20, preferably from 3 to 10.
The nonionic surfactants used according to this invention may also be
alkylene oxide adducts with saturated or unsaturated 1-6-valent aliphatic alcohols, fatty acids, fatty amines, fatty amides, diamines and sorbitan esters,
alkylene oxide condensates (block polymers),
polymers of vinylpyrrolidone, vinylacetate or vinyl alcohol, and
co- or terpolymers of vinylpyrrolidone with vinylacetate and/or vinyl alcohol.
Specific mixtures of the above-mentioned anionic and nonionic surfactants can also be prepared and used according to this invention.
It is preferred to use nonionic surfactants of formula (2), wherein
R is C
12
-C
15
alkyl; or a radical of formula (2a); and
y is 3 to 10.
The fatty alcohol ethoxylates are intercalated between the layers. The nonionic surfactants in which the antimicrobial active substances are soluble promote the transport thereof between the laminates of the swellable layered silicate. The antimicrobial active substances are intercalated between the laminates of the layered silicate and are thus protected from reacting with other components of the detergent.
The granular layered silicates intercalated with surfactants and the antimicrobial active substance swell in water and release the surfactants and antimicrobial active substance of the solution into water. The swelling activity of the layered silicate agglomerate in water blasts the agglomerates and disperses them in the water.
Suitable antimicrobial active substances are preferably compounds of formula
wherein
X is oxygen, sulfur or —CH
2
—,
Y is chloro or bromo,
Z is SO
2
H,NO
2
or C
1
-C
4
alkyl,
r is 0 to 3,
o is 0 to 3,
p is 0 or 1,
m is 0 or 1, and
n is 0 or 1.
Particularly interesting compounds are those of formula (3), wherein
X is oxygen, sulfur or —CH
2
—, and
Y is chloro or bromo,
m is 0,
n is 0 or 1,
o is 1 or 2,
r is 1 or 2, and
p is 0.
Particularly interesting diphenyl ethers correspond to formula
wherein
X is —O—or —CH
2
—;
m is 1 to 3; and
n is 1 or 2.
A very particularly preferred compound is 2,4,4′-trichloro-2-hydroxydiphenyl ether (Triclosan), corresponding to formula
or the compound
(Diclosan)
Antimicrobial active substances used in the novel detergent additive may also be phenol derivatives, benzyl alcohols, chlorhexidine, C
12
-C
14
alkylbetaines, C
8
-C
18
fatty acid amido alkyl-betaines, amphoteric surfactants, trihalocarbanilides and quaternary ammonium salts. Such antimicrobial active substances are described in detail in EP-A-0,777,717 and WO 97/46218.
The active inventive detergent additive can comprise one active substance or a mixture of several active substances.
Suitable alkali salts are in particular alkali sulfate, alkali carbon
Hirsch Rüdiger
Hölzl Werner
Schnyder Marcel
Traber Rainer Hans
Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation
Garrett Dawn
Kelly Cynthia H.
Mansfield Kevin T.
LandOfFree
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