Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Carbohydrate doai
Patent
1994-11-28
1997-02-11
Rollins, John W.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Carbohydrate doai
536 41, 53612312, 536128, 514449, A61K 31715, C07G 300, C09B 4704
Patent
active
056021119
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to an agent for inducing a phytoalexin and a method for inducing a phytoalexin in a plant. More particularly, the present invention relates to an agent for inducing a phytoalexin comprising a xyloglucan-oligosaccharide as an active ingredient thereof, which is useful as a biotic pesticide, an agent for maintaining freshness of a plant, a coating agent for a seed, a capsule material for preparing a synthetic seed, an agent for maintaining freshness of a chopped vegetable, or the like, and a method for inducing a phytoalexin, which is useful for promoting growth of a plant or for maintaining freshness of a plant, while a crop has been grown, or a vegetable or a fruit has been transported and/or stored.
BACKGROUND ART
Large quantities of agricultural chemicals have now been used to prevent microbial infections while crops are cultivated. For example, seeds are treated with chemicals before being sowed in order to promote good germination and furthermore, chemicals are spread in order to reduce damages caused by microbial infections while plants have grown up and bear fruits. However, there are various problems in respect of safety, such as influences on human bodies exerted by the chemicals remaining on the crop, and the environmental pollution by diffused chemicals.
It has been known that a plant has various defense systems against infections originally, and that when a plant is infected with a microorganism, an antimicrobial substance which is not present in normal tissue is induced for resisting the infection. This antimicrobial substance is referred to as a phytoalexin. A phytoalexin is induced by a cell component of a microorganism, a fragment of a polysaccharide which construct the cell wall of the plant infected by a microorganism, or the like. This substance which induces a phytoalexin is referred to as an elicitor.
Moreover, it is considered that the elicitor activity not only induces a phytoalexin but also participates in induction of an enzyme inhibitory substance such as a protease inhibitor, and in production of a plant hormone, e.g., ethylene, and the like.
A fragment of .beta.-glucan derived from the cell wall of Phytophthora megasperma (Janice K. Sharp et al, Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 259, No. 18, 11312-11320, 1984), and oligogalacuturonic acid, which is a fragment of a pectin, (Peter Albersheim et al, Scientific American, Vol. 253, 44-50, 1985; Akira Misaki et al, Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Vol. 54, No. 6, 1477-1484, 1990) are known as substances with elicitor activity. It is considered that a substance with the elicitor activity may be used as a biotic pesticide. However, it is difficult to put the currently known substances with the elicitor activity into practical use, because there are various problems, such as cost, the amount which can be supplied or the preparation procedure of the polysaccharide as a raw material.
On the other hand, it has been known that a xyloglucan-oligosaccharide which is obtained by degradation of a xyloglucan, i.e., a polysaccharide which constructs the cell wall of a higher plant, participates in growth of a plant. The following facts have been known; that a pentasaccharide, a heptasaccharide or a nonasaccharide of a xyloglucan-oligosaccharide activates endo-1,4-.beta.-glucanase in a plant (Vladimir Farkas et al, Carbohydrate Research, Vol. 184, 213-219, 1988), that a heptasaccharide, an octasaccharide, or a nonasaccharide of a xyloglucan-oligosaccharide promotes elongation of a slice of pea-hypocotyl (Gordon J. McDougall et al, Plant Physiology, Vol. 93, 1042-1048, 1990), and that a nonasaccharide of a xyloglucan-oligosaccharide has an inhibitory effect against elongation caused by auxin (Gordon J. McDougall et al, Plant Physiology, Vol. 89, p. 883-887, 1989). However, the elicitor activity of a xyloglucan-oligosaccharide has not been heretofore known at all.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The present inventors found that a xyloglucan-oligoaccharide has an elicitor activity and is notabl
REFERENCES:
International Search Report for International Appln. No. PCT/JP93/00728 dated Aug. 13, 1993.
Misaki Akira
Sekiya Keiji
Yamatoya Kazuhiko
Dainippon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
Rollins John W.
LandOfFree
Agent for inducing phytoalexin and method for inducing phytoalex does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Agent for inducing phytoalexin and method for inducing phytoalex, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Agent for inducing phytoalexin and method for inducing phytoalex will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-342111