Furnaces – With exhaust gas treatment means – Afterburning means
Patent
1995-08-14
1997-06-24
Bennett, Henry A.
Furnaces
With exhaust gas treatment means
Afterburning means
110204, 432 72, F23B 500
Patent
active
056409133
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to an afterburner for various furnaces and incinerators.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
One common problem associated with various incinerators involves harmful flue gases, especially when aiming to incinerate hazardous waste, such as packaging plastics, automobile tires or cable scrap. Another problem in addition to flue gas hazards is a generally poor efficiency. Efforts have been made to overcome these drawbacks by providing the incinerators with one or more afterburners for a more effective combustion of particles not yet incinerated. However, these prior known afterburners have not so far completely eliminated the above problems.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the invention is to provide an improved afterburner, whereby the incinerators will be capable of burning also hazardous waste without pollution. In order to achieve this object, an afterburner of the invention is characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing section of claim 1.
One advantage offered by an apparatus of the invention is e.g. that the incinerator is capable of operating without a smoke stack, whereby the environmental hazards caused by smoke are practically eliminated and, in addition, the ash formation remains non-existent and the scrap metal can be substantially recovered.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIGURES
The invention will now be described with reference made to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of an incinerator using an afterburner of the invention,
FIG. 2 shows an enlarged side view of an afterburner, and
FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the afterburner of FIG. 2.
The incinerator of FIG. 1 includes a firing chamber 1 provided with a grate-like bed for waste 8. The firing chamber 1 is provided with a sizable gate for the easy loading of waste on the grate.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Waste 8 is set on fire for example by means of oil and it can burn on the grate. Depending on the type of waste, it is possible to employ some other kindling as well and other contributory fuels, such as wood or oil. Air can also be blown into the incinerator. The end of firing chamber 1 opposite to the gate is provided with a discharge flue 2, which forms a smoke delivering cone connected to an afterburner 3. The afterburner 3 is fitted with a pneumatically operating oil burner 7, provided with an oil pump which is indicated by reference numeral 6. The afterburner 3 is further provided with a supplementary air blower 5 for creating in the afterburner a sufficiently high temperature for dispersing the harmful constituents of flue gases, said temperature being appr. 1500.degree. C.
From afterburner 3 the gases are delivered into a smoke dispensing box 9, wherefrom some of the gases are returned along a duct 4 into the firing chamber 1 for a more complete combustion of particles still contained in the gases. Some of the gases are delivered into a scrubber 12 along a pipe 10. Also from the afterburner 3 extends a smoke pipe 11 to the scrubber 12. The scrubber 12 includes a circulating water pump 15 and a scrubbing nozzle 14 as well as a receiver 13 for solid matter. The flue gases discharge from the combustion cycle only into the scrubber 12 and further therefrom through the receiver 13 into the atmosphere, whereby a possible solid matter remains in the receiver.
In order to achieve the combustion of particles as effectively as possible, the afterburner 3 is provided with a wall 16 including perforations 17 for passing the flue gases through said perforations. Without binding to theory, it is assumed that such a perforated wall decelerates the passage of flue gases for a more effective combustion of particles. The perforations 17 are preferably appr. 30 mm in size and disposed for example in four rows extending lengthwise of the afterburner 3, the perforation pitch being for example 40.times.40 mm.
The afterburner 3 comprises a preferably circularly cylindrical housing portion, having its ends sealed with end plates for providing a
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Derwent's Abstract No. 85-274823/44, week 8544, Abstract of SU, 1151769 (Tekhenegokhimprom) dated Apr. 23, 1985.
Bennett Henry A.
Tinker Susanne C.
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