Aeronautics and astronautics – Spacecraft – Attitude control
Patent
1984-07-31
1987-03-17
Barefoot, Galen
Aeronautics and astronautics
Spacecraft
Attitude control
244 1N, 244130, 244163, 244 2, 244135A, B64G 164, B64G 152, B64C 138
Patent
active
046501398
ABSTRACT:
An aerospike is adapted to be attached to the front nose of an aerodynamically asymmetric space vehicle system, such as the external tank and orbiter of the space shuttle. The aerospike basically comprises a tapered elongated portion having a first end which is adapted to be attached to the nose of the space vehicle, and a second free end terminating in a substantially rounded disc-like tip member. Use of the spike reduces aerodynamic heating and drag during ascent of the space vehicle into its orbital position, provides an attachment point for tether operations and for propellant recovery, and permits transportion of an external tank into its orbit.
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Flow-Field Investigation for Large-Angle Cones with Short Spikes at a Mach Number of 9.6, by W. S. Staylor, Apr. 1970.
Results of Tests Using a 0.02-Scale Model, etc., by J. J. Daileda et al., Rockwell International Corp., Sep. 1980 (abstract only).
Aerothermodynamic Data Base; Data File Contents Report, by E. G. Correia, Chrysler Corp., Feb. 10, 1979 (abstract only).
The Ascent Air Data System for the Space Shuttle, by E. R. Hillje et al., 1980.
Space Shuttle Propulsion Issue Stage Combustion Bell Versus Tap-Off or Gas Generator Aerospike, by C. Bendersky, Feb. 3, 1970 (abstract only).
Unsteady Aerodynamic Flow Field Analysis of the Space Shuttle Configuration, etc., by L. Ericsson, Mar. 1976 (abstract only).
Scale Effects on the Fluctuating Pressures in a Region of Spike-Induced Flow Separation, by J. P. Redding et al., Jan. 1979.
Fluctuating Pressure Environment of a Drag Reduction Spike, by R. A. Guenther et al., Jan. 1977.
Asymmetric Shock-Wave Oscillations on Spiked Bodies of Revolution, by A. Demetriades et al., Nov. 1976.
Effect of a Spike on the Drag and on the Aerodynamic Stability of Blunt _Bodies in Supersonic Flow, by J. Rom et al., Aug. 1970.
Steady Loads on Spiked Blunt Bodies of Revolution, by L. E. Ericsson, Nov. 30, 1962 (abstract only).
Development of the Trident I Aerodynamic Spike Mechanism, by Mark D. Waterman and B. J. Richter, Lockhead Missles in Space Company, 1979, Document No. 3, Contract No. 5845.
Effect of External Tank Nose Shape on the Rockwell International Space Shuttle Vehicle 3, by E. C. Allen, 1974.
Effects of External Burning on Spike-Induced Separated Flow, by J. Redding et al., Aug. 1982.
Investigation of Self-Sustained Shock Oscillations on a Spike-Tipped Body at Mach 3, by W. Calarese, et al., Nov. 1981.
Modes of Shock-Wave Oscillations on Spike-Tipped Bodies, by W. Calarese, et al., Jan., 1983.
Flow Visualization and Data Analysis of Self-Sustained Shock Oscillations on a Spiked Body at Mach 3, by W. Calarese, Sep., 1981.
Unsteady Aerodynamic Considerations in the Design of a Drag-Reduction Spike, by J. P. Redding et al., 1976.
External Tank Nose Shape Study, by C. C. Dill et al, Jun., 1973.
Non-Stationary Separation on Spiked Bodies--in Supersonic Flow, by A. N. Antonov (U.S.S.R.) et al., Jan. 1979.
Flow over Blunt Bodies with Spikes and Cavities, by V. M. Davydov, Oct., 1979.
Cerna Peter
Taylor Thomas C.
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