Compositions – Inorganic luminescent compositions – Tungsten containing
Patent
1980-09-02
1984-03-27
Lovering, Richard D.
Compositions
Inorganic luminescent compositions
Tungsten containing
71 6408, 71110, 71DIG1, 106 10, 106243, 252 10, 252311, 252312, 424 43, 424 45, 424 46, 426811, 524230, 524903, C09K 330
Patent
active
044393423
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates in general to aeroseol preparations and more particularly such preparations of water base character for providing a continuous unbroken film upon dispensing.
Heretofore, there have been innumerable, consistently unsuccessful efforts to develop an aerosol emulsion for providing a continuous, uninterrupted film or coating, whether for decorative or protective purposes, such as with paints, various types of finishes, lubricants, etc., wherein water constitutes the continuous or external phase.
It is recognized that many active ingredients for film formation may be emulsified, but to date emulsion technology has not been satisfactory for providing a continuous film in an efficacious manner. Shortcomings of existing emulsion technology are two-fold:
(a) Those relating to oil in water have failed because the hydrophobic active ingredients must of necessity be in the oil phase and in this type of emulsion water is the continuous phase. Consequently, there is no molecular continuity of the active ingredient so that the resultant film would be discontinuous with uneven distribution of the active ingredient. An example would be the commercial silicone emulsions which are basically low viscosity polydimethylsiloxanes emulsified in water and in these emulsions the water is on the outside or in the continuous phase. Attempting to use such an emulsion as a mold release, for example, would have disappointing results because the silicone would be distributed unevenly upon the applied surface and the compound would not serve to bring about reliable mold release.
(b) Those resultant from water in oil are due to the altered nature of the active ingredient. Though the active ingredients as in the continuous phase by the nature of the present emulsion technology, these active ingredients are altered by the presence of water and/or emulsifiers and their performance is not what would be expected should such have been applied in pure form or in solvent reduction. The active ingredients as applied are altered in appearance from the pre-emulsion state. For instance, active ingredients which have been transparent become pasty or creamy; resultant applications have been disappointing. Exemplary of this would be to prepare a silicone emulsion wherein the silicone would be in the oil or continuous phase and attempt to use this as a mold release. Experience has shown that although the distribution of the silicone may be even and continuous in this type of emulsion, the presence of the water and/or emulsifiers severely limits the release effect of the silicone. These compounds simply have not worked. When applied the silicone emulsion is paste-like or creamy in appearance and not characteristic of the transparent quality of polydimethylsiloxane which would be the preferred appearance.
The present accepted incapacity of aerosols to be useful with water based coating agents, as for example, latex paints, has been an especial problem of long standing. With present technology, aerosols that require a smooth finish or film on spraying, such as paints, silicone, or the like have utilized solvents other than water as the vehicle. Typical of such solvents are hydrocarbons, such as aromatics, aliphatics, chlorinateds, fluorinateds and the like, wherein, in most instances, the propellant is generally soluble in such solvents and may be considered chemically as part of the solvent active mixture. Thus, in effect, resort has necessarily been made to a single phase system or solution wherein the active ingredient, such as an oil-based paint, is dissolved within a suitable solvent other than water, as particularly, within a wide range of compatible organic solvents. However, the utilization of such solvents or carriers has involved inherent peril factors, as for example, aerosol paint is extremely flammable by reason of the incorporated solvent; and the majority of commercially used and available solvents have low threshold limit values that are intensified by the atomization process of the selected aerosol. Furthermore, most of
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Lovering Richard D.
United Industries Corporation
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