Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Effervescent or pressurized fluid containing – Organic pressurized fluid
Reexamination Certificate
1997-11-24
2003-01-28
Page, Thurman K. (Department: 1615)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Effervescent or pressurized fluid containing
Organic pressurized fluid
C424S070100, C424S070200, C424S070120, C424S070150, C424S070160
Reexamination Certificate
active
06511651
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to novel aerosol devices intended to fix the hair.
The hair products for shaping and/or holding the hairstyle which are the most widely available on the cosmetics market are spray compositions comprising a solution, usually an alcoholic or aqueous solution, and one or more materials, generally polymer resins, whose function is to form welds between individual hairs, these materials also being known as fixing materials, mixed with various cosmetic adjuvants. These solutions are generally packaged either in a suitable aerosol container placed under pressure with the aid of a propellant or in a pump-dispenser bottle.
Many aerosol systems intended to fix the hair are known, these systems containing, on the one hand, a liquid phase (or fluid) and, on the other hand, a propellant. The liquid phase contains the fixing materials and a suitable solvent. The function of the propellant is to provide a pressure which allows the liquid phase to be sprayed and to be applied to the hair in the form of a cloud of dispersed droplets. It is after the liquid phase has been applied to the hair that it dries, allowing the formation of welds which are necessary for fixing the hair, by means of the fixing materials.
It is desirable that the welds be rigid enough to ensure that the hair is held in place. However, it is also desired that they be fragile enough for the user to be able to destroy them by combing or brushing the hair, without damaging the scalp or the hair.
The fixing materials are generally fixing polymers, that is to say film-forming polymers that are soluble or dispersible in water and in alcohol, such as vinyl acetate/crotonic acid copolymers and anionic or amphoteric acrylic resins. These materials make it possible readily to obtain the fixing effect but, on the other hand, under the usual conditions of lacquering, the hair looks stiff and has a coarse or even sticky feel and is often difficult to disentangle after brushing or combing.
These drawbacks are linked to several parameters, among which mention may be made of the nature of the fixing polymer(s), or alternatively the nature of the welds. To overcome these drawbacks, it is thus possible to act on these two parameters without, however, diminishing the desired fixing effect. To improve the cosmetic properties of the fixing materials, it has been proposed to combine different polymers, for example as discussed in documents WO 94/12148, WO 96/06592 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,158,762, the disclosures of which are specifically incorporated by reference herein.
The inventors have found that by appropriately selecting, on the one hand, the fixing polymers and, on the other hand, the diffusion parameters for the compositions, it is possible to act on the quality of the welds while at the same time retaining good fixing and/or hair shaping qualities, and thus to provide excellent cosmetic properties such as softness and disentangling.
The aerosol device according to the invention comprises a container containing an aerosol composition comprising, on the one hand, a liquid phase (or fluid) containing at least one fixing material in a suitable solvent and, on the other hand, a propellant, and a means for distributing the aerosol composition, the fixing material having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of greater than or equal to 40° C., the fixing material comprising at least one polymer containing vinyllactam units, and the device being suitable for obtaining a wetting power of greater than or equal to 40 mg/s.
The distribution means generally comprises a distribution valve controlled by a distribution head, itself comprising a nozzle through which the aerosol composition is vaporized.
The terms “Tg” and “wetting power” as understood according to the present invention are defined below.
According to the present invention, the expression glass transition temperature (Tg) is understood to refer to the Tg of the fixing material in the dry extract, the dry extract comprising all of the non-volatile materials in the fluid, or solids.
According to the present invention, the wetting power corresponds to the amount of product received by a sheet of plastic placed 35 cm away from the nozzle of the aerosol device over a given unit of time. The product then comprises the solids plus some of the solvent which has not evaporated over the trajectory plus, possibly, some of the non-evaporated propellant. This wetting power is expressed in mg/s and is measured according to the invention by the following method:
a sheet of plastic 21 cm×23 cm in size is suspended vertically on a precision balance ({fraction (1/1000)}), the sheet being connected to the balance via the upper edge (generally by means of a balance hook inserted into a perforation placed at the center of the width and 1 cm from the upper edge of the sheet), and is kept vertical by applying a weight centered on the lower edge (generally by means of a clip fixed to and centered on the lower edge);
a block is placed behind the lower edge of the sheet in order to keep the sheet vertical during impacting of the product;
the aerosol device is placed vertically such that the composition diffusion nozzle is arranged at the center and 35 cm away from the vertical sheet, to allow vaporization of the product perpendicular to the sheet;
the composition is vaporized for 5 seconds; and
the amount of product received on the vertical sheet is measured once the vaporization is complete.
For greater precision, a suitable device comprising a support means for the aerosol device and means for allowing three-dimensional adjustment of the position of the nozzle relative to the vertical sheet may be used. This device may also be equipped with a pneumatic spray-control (firing and duration) device, so as to control the duration of the vaporization precisely. The whole assembly may be controlled by computer.
To avoid any environmental interference, the trajectory of the product between the nozzle and the sheet will advantageously be protected horizontally and vertically by the walls of a tunnel of suitable size.
Lastly, the product is advantageously vaporized under a controlled atmosphere, preferably at a temperature of 20° C. and at a relative humidity of 40%.
Preferably, the fixing material has a Tg of greater than or equal to 60° C.
Advantageously, the fixing material comprises polymers containing vinyllactam units, alone or in combination with common cosmetic additives, for example plasticizers.
According to the invention, the polymers containing vinyllactam units are those which comprise units of formula
in which n is, independently, 3, 4 or 5.
The polymers containing vinyllactam units are advantageously copolymers or may also comprise units of formula
in which:
R represents, independently, a carboxyl radical, a carbalkoxy radical, an acyloxy radical, it being possible for the alkoxy group of the carbalkoxy radical to be substituted with at least one hydroxyl, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino radical, or an aryl radical, in particular phenyl, optionally substituted with at least one alkyl radical, and
R′ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical.
According to the invention, the term alkyl is preferably understood to denote linear or branched C
1
-C
10
alkyl radicals, more preferably C
1
-C
4
alkyl radicals, in particular the methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl and t-butyl radicals.
According to the invention, the term acyl is preferably understood to refer to acyl radicals in which the alkyl residue is a linear or branched C
1
-C
10
alkyl, in particular the acetyl or propionyl radicals.
The polymers containing vinyllactam units according to the invention are preferably nonionic or weakly cationic polymers. They are described, in particular, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,770,683, 3,929,735, 4,521,404, 5,158,762 and 5,406,315, and in International patent applications WO 94/121148, WO 96/06592 and WO 96/10593, the disclosures of each of which are specifically incorporated by reference herein. These polymers may be in pulverulent form or in the form of a solution or a
Dupuis Christine
Samain Henri
Channavajjala Lakshmi
Finnegan Henderson Farabow Garrett & Dunner LLP
L'Oreal
Page Thurman K.
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