Adaptive sequential controller with minimum switching energy

Details Adaptive sequential controller with minimum switching energy Adaptive sequential controller with minimum switching energy

1994-09-26

1997-07-01

Gaffin, Jeffrey A.

Electricity: electrical systems and devices

Safety and protection of systems and devices

With specific current responsive fault sensor

361 2, 361 7, 361 78, H02H 300

Patent

active

056444630

ABSTRACT:
An adaptive sequential controller (480) for controlling a single-phase circuit breaker, multiple circuit breakers in a multi-phase configuration, or a multi-phase circuit breaker to substantially eliminate transients upon closing the circuit breaker and to minimize switching energy when the circuit breaker for any phase of the line is open. The device adaptively compensates for changes in the response time of the circuit breaker due to aging and environmental affects. To control the circuit breaker so that is closes at a zero crossing of the voltage waveform, the adaptive sequential controller includes a potential transformer (70) that is connected to the distribution line. The potential transformer provides a reference signal corresponding to the zero crossing or zero instance of the voltage waveform. If the power factor of the load coupled to the line is known and remains relatively constant, a current transformer is not required. In multi-phase systems with imbalanced and varying loads, a potential transformer and current transformer may be required for each phase so that the power factor of the load can be determined. The response time of the circuit breaker is determined by monitoring an auxiliary switch in the circuit breaker that is coupled to the main breaker contacts. Based upon the response time that was last measured, the adaptive sequential controller responds to an open or close external command to apply the appropriate compensation for the delay of the circuit breaker opening and closing coils so that the circuit breaker closes at a selected time during the periodic voltage waveform and opens at a time appropriate to minimize the switching energy.

REFERENCES:
patent: 5119260 (1992-06-01), Huhse et al.
A. Holm et al., "Development of Controlled Switching of Reactors, Capacitors Transformers and Lines," Cigre, 1990 Session, 26 Aug. - 1st Sep., 10 pp.
R. Alvinsson et al., "Switching to lower transients," Transmission & Distribution, Mar. 1991, pp. 41, 43 & 45.
R. Alexander, "Synchronous Closing Control for Shunt Capacitors," 1985 IEEE, 85 WM 221-7, pp. 1-7.
ABB HV Switchgear, "Switchsync Relay for synchrounous circuit switching" Brochure, Publ. SESWG/B 2001 E, Edition 2, 1991-06, 4 pp.
Joslyn Hi-Voltage Corporation, VBU Faultmaster.RTM. Interrupter including Zero Voltage Closing Control Instruction Manual, D.B. 750-201, May 1986, 28 pp.
R. Wolff, "Control of capacitor closing nips surges," Electrical World, Transmission/Dustribution, Jan. 1, 1979, 6 pp.
N. Witteberg, Westinghouse ABB Power T & D Company publication, "Smooth Energizing of Capacitor Banks," NESA Distr., Aug. 1989, 12 pp.

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