Plant protecting and regulating compositions – Plant growth regulating compositions – Designated nonactive ingredient containing
Reexamination Certificate
1999-11-17
2001-12-11
Clardy, S. Mark (Department: 1616)
Plant protecting and regulating compositions
Plant growth regulating compositions
Designated nonactive ingredient containing
C514S938000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06329324
ABSTRACT:
The invention relates to an active substance-containing composition comprising:
I. a water-in-oil polymer dispersion comprised of a continuous organic phase virtually immiscible with water, water-soluble and/or water-swellable polymer products finely dispersed therein, and optionally, auxiliary agents, and
II. at least one active substance.
The present invention also relates to the production of said active substance-containing composition and its use in placing active substances on or into substrates, preferably in agriculture, and particularly in plant and fruit cultivation, as well as in plant breeding, in storing or processing of fruits and field crops and plant materials such as wood.
After placing active substances such as pesticides on the surface of plants, seeds and wood, these substances are often washed off rapidly by water and consequently, have insufficient effect at the desired site of application and, in addition, frequently represent a hazard for the groundwater under such conditions.
Therefore, a number of attempts have been made to reduce said wash-off. To this end, oil-in-water dispersions have been used in the past, the action of which is based on the fact that aqueous solutions of active substances undergo more or less intense thickening, so that the wash-out process is reduced by the viscous state of these solutions.
The DE 36 28 091 A1 describes an aqueous polymer dispersion which, added with an active substance, is applied on a textile substrate. The polymer is coagulated on the fiber not before or after being coated thereon, so that the application is quite intricate. Once applied on the textile fabric, further contact of substrate and active substance with water is not intended. Thus, the formulation obviously is not used to prevent washing off of the active substance. Therefore, the use of the above-described formulation is inappropriate for e.g. agricultural purposes.
The EP 0,201,214 B1 discloses polymer products of essentially water-insoluble monomers, wherein the active substance is encapsulated. The objective of encapsulation is to have delayed release of active substance.
Aqueous dispersions are known from EP 0,589,838 A1, which contain a hydrophobic pesticide in the organic phase. Using this formulation, it is possible to distribute the water-insoluble active substance in an aqueous phase or provide a concentrate that can be diluted with water. Such an aqueous dilution may then be placed on e.g. agricultural lands.
Similar intentions as in the above-cited patent application are described in EP 0,080,516 A1. This written specification likewise teaches the incorporation of the active substance in an aqueous polymer dispersion of e.g. co-polymer products of styrene and acrylic acid.
Furthermore, the DE 33 04 457 A1 describes aqueous polymer dispersions in association with active substances, which are particularly suited for dusting in air.
WO 96/06526 describes a carrier for plant protection agents used to protect seed potatoes and based on paraffins, waxes, polydimethylsiloxanes and emulsifiers, as well as aqueous polymer dispersions which serve as adhesive solution. However, the production of the carrier is highly complex.
Similar products have been described for wood protection as well. The DE 30 042 48 A1 may be mentioned as an example, wherein an aqueous polymer dispersion is described as a formulating aid for wood protection agents, particularly aldrin.
The EP 0,203,724 B1 discloses the production of aqueous polymer dispersions which are remarkable for their special core-envelope particles, wherein polymer dispersions with water as continuous phase are described.
WO 96/00251 describes amphipathic graft copolymers of hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers. Without exception, they are oil-in-water dispersions dilutable with water. Hydrophobic monomers are invariably used in the production of these formulating aids. For this reason, the thickening effect with viscosity increase of these formulations in an aqueous medium is not more than unsatisfactory.
While the above-cited written specifications are related to oil-in-water dispersions or emulsions, the following prior art is concerned with the use of water-in-oil dispersions, particularly in the agricultural field.
Thus, U.S. Pat. No. 4,123,249 describes a water-soluble polymer product in the form of a water-in-oil emulsion as formulating aid for algicides and herbicides, which thickens the solution of active substance during placing but lacks a polymer enclosing the active substance, so that the effect of this formulating aid against wash-out is unsatisfactory. The use of an inorganic crosslinker such as phytotoxic aluminum salts during placing the dispersion is described as optional. However, the use of phytotoxic crosslinkers substantially restricts the range of applications of this emulsion.
The patent specification CA 1,023,264 teaches the use of water-in-oil emulsions of such polymer products as additives in spray solutions for agricultural uses. In this process as well, the purpose of adding these emulsions is to increase the viscosity of the spray solution. This measure enables safe use of the spray or sprinkle solutions in the area of application even in windy conditions. The polymers present in the aqueous phase of the emulsion are not crosslinked.
Using these formulations, a prolonged period of action of the placed pesticides c an hardly be achieved.
The WO 91/14365 is concerned with the use of water-in-oil emulsions of water-soluble polymer products of polymers comprised to at least 50% of acrylamide in thickening solutions of a hydrophilic active substance to be sprayed, which is added to a polymer solution, so that the prolonged period of action described is inadequate as well.
Moreover, a sprayable, water-insoluble, film-forming active substance formulation for use on plants is known from EP 0,777,414 B1.
The EP 0,481,226 B1 teaches a powdered absorbent material releasing water and optionally nutrients and drugs to other bodies, preferably plants.
The EP 0,734,206 discloses storage-stable, liquid or dry, concentrated compositions containing glyphosate, one or more secondary alcohol surfactants and one or more other surfactants. Using th is composition, the effectiveness or rain resistance of pesticides and nutrients can be improved.
WO 85/01736 describes a hygroscopic coating composition for seeds, which consists of finely divided polyacrylamide and polyacrylate and an optional adhesion promoter. This composition is disadvantageous in that finely ground polyacrylamide and/or polyacrylate is difficult to handle, and the composition has poor adhesion on the seeds without an adhesion promoter.
Furthermore, the EP 0,887,004 describes a highly complex procedure for the protection of germinating seeds, wherein the seeds are coated with a gel and subsequently dried. The EP 0,894,425 describes an apparatus for coating seed grains with a gel.
It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a liquid, active substance-containing formulation which is readily prepared and easy to apply, and where leaching problems of the active substance are cut back, which can be used as seed dressing, where optionally present toxicity to others than the target organisms and/or the environment is reduced, and where re-dosing of active substances or further, repeated applications are not required.
According to the invention, said object is accomplished by providing an active substance-containing composition which includes
I. a water-in-oil polymer dispersion comprised of a continuous organic phase virtually immiscible with water, water-soluble and/or water-swellable polymer products finely dispersed therein, and optionally, auxiliary agents, and
II. at least one active substance.
The active substance is preferably fixed on the polymer product, i.e., the active substance is adsorbed on the polymer product, incorporated in the polymer matrix, and/or enclosed by the polymer product upon contact of the composition of the invention with water or an aqueous solution.
Surprisingly, almost any active
Brueggemann Helmut
Kuester Erich
Clardy S. Mark
Oblon & Spivak, McClelland, Maier & Neustadt P.C.
Stockhausen GmbH & Co. KG
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