Electrical audio signal processing systems and devices – Stethoscopes – electrical
Patent
1996-03-12
1997-03-11
Isen, Forester W.
Electrical audio signal processing systems and devices
Stethoscopes, electrical
381 71, 381190, 381114, A61B 704, H04R 300, H04R 2500
Patent
active
056109873
ABSTRACT:
An active noise control stethoscope enables a physician or paramedic to check vital signs in the presence of high background noise levels. A digital processing technique is used to remove noise from the output of a main detection sensor, the detector being impedance mismatched with air and therefore less sensitive to external airborne noise. Instead of a microphone, the detector uses a piezoceramic transflexural actuator mounted in a cylindrical piece of brass, with a polyurethane coating placed over the active side of the sensor to keep the sensor waterproof and broaden the response of the sensor. An identical sensor is placed above the device to detect background noise adjacent the device, the signals being combined to obtain a signal free of background noise. A third sensor is also used to electronically remove noise detected by the main sensor, the third sensor being positioned to pick-up noise coupled through the patient's body. The time varying voltages from signals output by these sensors are digitized and processed by the digital signal processor, and the output used to drive the speakers in the headset. The digital signal processor uses a least mean squared algorithm to digitally subtract out the part of the detector signal that is correlated to the signals from the second and third sensors. In addition, noise penetrating the earcups of the headset is reduced by using the speakers to generate antinoise. The antinoise is generated by a filtered X-adaptive digital algorithm, and also by a random noise cancellation system which sets up an infinite impulse response filter in which the coefficients are continually updated for minimizing an ear sensitivity weighted sound pressure level detected by a microphone inside the headset.
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Isen Forester W.
University of Mississippi
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