Optical: systems and elements – Holographic system or element – Using a hologram as an optical element
Patent
1989-12-01
1991-12-31
Mintel, William
Optical: systems and elements
Holographic system or element
Using a hologram as an optical element
357 4, 357 237, 359 87, G02F 113
Patent
active
050766660
ABSTRACT:
An active matrix display apparatus comprising a pair of substrates, at least one of which is translucent, a display medium charged between the substrates and modulated of its optical characteristics in response to applied voltage, picture element electrodes disposed in a matrix at the inner surface of either one of the pair of substrates, switching elements electrically connected to the picture element electrodes respectively, and spare switching elements disposed close to the picture element electrodes in a non-conductive state respectively, the extension end of the spare switching element and one end of the picture element electrode are disposed on a metal piece so as to sandwich an insulating layer therebetween, whereby a picture element defect caused by a malfunction of switching elements can be readily corrected.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4639087 (1987-01-01), Cannella
patent: 4907861 (1990-03-01), Muto
patent: 4930874 (1990-06-01), Mitsumune et al.
patent: 4949141 (1990-08-01), Busta
Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 11, No. 195 (E-518), 23 Jun. 1987.
Imaya Akihiko
Inui Motokazu
Kanemori Yuzuru
Katayama Mikio
Kato Hiroaki
Ho Tan
Mintel William
Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha
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