Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form – Cosmetic – antiperspirant – dentifrice
Reexamination Certificate
2000-08-21
2002-08-20
Hartley, Michael G. (Department: 1617)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
Cosmetic, antiperspirant, dentifrice
C514S058000, C514S387000, C548S303700, C436S536000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06436414
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to cosmetic or dermatological preparations comprising active ingredients for the care and protection of the skin, in particular sensitive skin and dry skin and, very particularly, skin ageing or aged by intrinsic and/or extrinsic factors, and for assisting the skin's own lipid metabolism, and to the use of such active ingredients and combinations of such active ingredients in the field of cosmetic and dermatological skincare.
The term “cosmetic skincare” primarily means the strengthening or rebuilding of the skin's natural function as a barrier against environmental influences (e.g. dirt, chemicals, microorganisms) and against the loss of endogenous substances (e.g. water, natural fats, electrolytes).
Impairment of this function may lead to increased resorption of toxic or allergenic substances or attack by microorganisms, leading to toxic or allergic skin reactions.
Another aim of skincare is to compensate for the loss by the skin of lipids and water caused by daily washing. This is particularly important when the natural regeneration ability is insufficient. Furthermore, skincare products should protect against environmental influences, in particular against sun and wind, and delay skin ageing.
Chronological skin ageing is caused, for example, by endogenous genetically determined factors. The following structural damage and functional disorders, which can also fall under the term “senile xerosis”, result, for example, in the epidermis and dermis as a result of ageing:
a) dryness, roughness and formation bf dryness wrinkles,
b) itching and
c) reduced refatting by sebacious glands (e.g. after washing).
Exogenous factors, such as UV light and chemical noxae, can have a cumulative effect and, for example, accelerate or supplement the endogenous ageing processes. In the epidermis and dermis, for example, the following structural damage and functional disorders appear in the skin as a result of exogenous factors; these go beyond the extent and quality of the damage in the case of chronological ageing:
d) visible vascular dilation (telangiectases, couperosis);
e) flaccidity and formation of wrinkles;
f) local hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation and abnormal pigmentation (e.g. age spots) and
g) increased susceptibility to mechanical stress (e.g. cracking).
The present invention relates in particular to products for the care of skin aged naturally, and to the treatment of the damage caused by photoageing, in particular of the phenomena listed under a) to g).
Products for the care of aged skin are known per se. They comprise, for example, retinoids (vitamin A acid and/or derivatives thereof) or vitamin A and/or derivatives thereof. The degree of their effect on structural damage is, however, limited. Furthermore, in product development there are considerable difficulties in stabilizing the active ingredients to an adequate extent against oxidative decay. The use of products comprising vitamin A acid, moreover, often causes severe erythematous skin irritations. Retinoids can therefore only be used in low concentration.
In particular, the present invention relates to cosmetic preparations having effective protection against harmful oxidation processes in the skin, but also for the protection of cosmetic preparations themselves or for the protection of the constituents of cosmetic preparations against harmful oxidation processes.
The present invention further relates to antioxidants, preferably those used in skincare cosmetic or dermatological preparations. In particular, the invention also relates to cosmetic and dermatological preparations comprising such antioxidants. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to cosmetic and dermatological preparations for the prophylaxis and treatment of cosmetic and dermatological skin changes, such as, for example, skin ageing, in particular skin ageing caused by oxidative processes.
Furthermore, the present invention relates to active ingredients and preparations comprising such active ingredients for the cosmetic and dermatological treatment or prophylaxis of erythematous, inflammatory, allergic or autoimmune-reactive symptoms, in particular dermatoses.
In a further advantageous embodiment, the present invention relates to active ingredient combinations and preparations which serve for the prophylaxis and treatment of light-sensitive skin, in particular of photodermatoses.
The harmful effect of the ultraviolet part of solar radiation on the skin is generally known. Whereas rays with a wavelength of less than 290 nm (the UVC region) are absorbed by the ozone layer in the earth's atmosphere, rays in the range between 290 nm and 320 nm, the UVB region, cause erythema, simple sunburn or even burns of greater or lesser severity.
A maximum erythema activity of sunlight is given as the relatively narrow range around 308 nm.
Numerous compounds are known for protecting against UVB radiation; these are derivatives of 3-benzylidenecamphor, 4-aminobenzoic acid, cinnamic acid, salicylic acid, benzophenone and also 2-phenylbenzimidazole.
It is also. important to have available filter substances for the range between about 320 nm and about 400 nm, the UVA region, since its rays can cause reactions in cases of photosensitive skin. It has been found that UVA radiation leads to damage of the elastic and collagenous fibres of connective tissue, which leads to premature ageing of the skin, and is to be regarded as a cause of numerous phototoxic and photoallergic reactions. The harmful effect of UVB radiation can be intensified by UVA radiation.
To protect against rays of the UVA region, certain derivatives of dibenzoylmethane are therefore used, the photostability of which is inadequate (Int. J. Cosm. Science 10, 53 (1 988)).
The UV radiation can, however, also lead to photochemical reactions, in which case the photochemical reaction products then intervene in the skin metabolism.
Such photochemical reaction products are predominantly free-radical compounds, for example hydroxyl radicals. Undefined free-radical photoproducts which form in the skin itself can also display uncontrolled secondary reactions because of their high reactivity. However, singlet oxygen, a non-free-radical excited state of the oxygen molecule, can also be formed during UV irradiation, as can short-lived epoxides and many others. Singlet oxygen, for example, differs from normal triplet oxygen (free-radical ground state) by virtue of its increased reactivity. However, excited, reactive (free-radical) triplet states of the oxygen molecule also exist.
UV radiation is also a type of ionizing radiation. There is therefore the risk that ionic species will also form during UV exposure, which then for their part are able to intervene oxidatively in the biochemical processes.
In order to prevent these reactions, additional antioxidants and/or free-radical scavengers can be incorporated into the cosmetic or dermatological formulations.
It has already been proposed to use vitamin E, a substance with known antioxidative action, in sunscreen formulations, although, here too, the effect achieved falls a long way short of expectations.
The object of the invention was therefore to provide cosmetic, dermatological and pharmaceutical active ingredients and preparations, and sunscreen formulations which serve for the prophylaxis and treatment of photosensitive skin, in particular photodermatoses, preferably PLD.
Other names for polymorphous photodermatosis are PLD, PLE, Mallorca acne and a large number of other names, as given in the literature (e.g. A. Voelckel et al, Zentralblaft Hautund Geschlechtskrankheiten (1989), 156, p.2).
Erythematous skin symptoms also occur as accompanying symptoms in certain skin diseases or irregularities. For example, the typical skin rash symptom of acne is generally red to a greater or lesser extent.
Antioxidants are mainly used as substances which protect against the deterioration of the preparations in which they are present. Nevertheless, it is known that in human or animal skin as well undesired oxidation processes
Max Heiner
Raschke Thomas
Beiersdorf AG
Hartley Michael G.
Norris & McLaughlin & Marcus
Willis Michael A.
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