Electrolysis: processes – compositions used therein – and methods – Electrolytic coating – Forming multiple superposed electrolytic coatings
Reexamination Certificate
2000-12-14
2002-07-02
Wong, Edna (Department: 1741)
Electrolysis: processes, compositions used therein, and methods
Electrolytic coating
Forming multiple superposed electrolytic coatings
C205S159000, C205S219000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06413405
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to active carbon electro-deposited with Ag—I compositions having a sterilizing effect and a method of preparing such compositions.
2. Background Art
Plating a metal element on an adsorbent increase the selective adsorption capability of the adsorbent owing to the surface polarity of the metal ion while maintaining a high level of adsorption capability. It is applied to remove polar contaminants from polluted water and wastewater. Known methods of metal impregnation for solid substrates are dipping, chemical vapor deposition and admixing during the manufacture process. Recently, much of research and development is being done concerning the anti-bacterial effect of active carbon electro-deposited with Ag. However, so far there has been no report about the anti-bacterial and sterilizing effect of active carbon electro-deposited with Ag—I against disease-source bacteria.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The purpose of this invention is to provide functional active carbon having improved adsorption capability against disease-source bacteria and microbes with prominent anti-bacterial and sterilizing effect as well as against organic and inorganic contaminants and preparing method thereof. As used herein, the term “active carbon” is meant to include activated carbon.
According to the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing active carbon electro-deposited with Ag—I having sterilizing and anti-bacteria effect comprising:
1) a step of applying electric current to active carbon in an Ag plating bath containing Ag salt solution in the plating bath;
2) a step of washing and drying the active carbon of step 1); and
3) a step of applying electric current to the washed and dried active carbon in a Iodine plating bath containing Iodine salt solution.
Active carbon in this invention means powdered active carbon, granular active carbon and active carbon fiber. Active carbon fiber can be woven into filter cloths.
For this invention, AgNO
3
, CH
3
CO
2
Ag and AgCN for silver salt, KIO
3
and NaIO
3
for iodine salt can be used.
It is desirable to use 1~10 wt % concentration of silver salt in the silver plating bath. If the concentration is less than 1 wt %, there is insufficient amount of silver on the surface of active carbon since the dissociated electrolyte concentration is low in electro-depositing. If it is more than 10 wt %, there happens silver sedimentation correlatively in electrolyte since dissociated electrolyte concentration is high. Therefore, adsorption capability is decreased because carbon surface structure is changed.
It is desirable to use 5 wt %~30 wt % concentration of electro-deposited solution for iodine composition. If this concentration is less than 5 wt %, there is insufficient amount of silver on the surface of active carbon since dissociated electrolyte concentration is low in electro-depositing. If it is more than 30 wt %, the surface structure of active carbon is changed and adsorption capability is decreased because dissociated electrolyte concentration is high.
It is desirable to use 1 V~50 V for this invention. If the voltage is lower than 1 V, there is less content of silver and iodine on the surface of active carbon because dissociated electrolyte concentration is low in electro-depositing. If it is more than 50 V, there happens sedimentation correlatively in electrolyte because dissociated electrolyte concentration is high. It changes the surface structure of active carbon, and then makes adsorption capability decrease.
It is desirable to use 0.1 A~5.0 A electric current intensity for this invention. If the current intensity is lower than 0.1 A, there is less content of silver and iodine on the surface of active carbon because dissociated electrolyte concentration is low in electro-depositing. If it is more than 5.0 A, there happens sedimentation correlatively in electrolyte because dissociated electrolyte concentration is high. It changes the surface structure of active carbon, and then makes adsorption capability decrease.
It is desirable to apply 10-120 seconds of electric current for this invention. If it takes less than 10 seconds, there is less content of silver and iodine on the surface of active carbon because dissociated electrolyte concentration is low in electro-depositing. If it takes more than 120 seconds, there happens sedimentation correlatively in electrolyte because dissociated electrolyte concentration is high. It changes the surface structure of active carbon, and then makes adsorption capability decrease.
Target microorganisms for anti-bacteria and sterilizing are mainly disease-source bacteria as described below. Some bacteria are used for standard resistance test against microbes in anti-bacteria-treated products in Korea, U.S.A and Japan.
1) Disease-source Bacteria
a.
Staphylococcus Aureus
: This is spread widely in natural world and causes yellow suppuration in the skin and food poisoning when food is contaminated by it. This bacterium is found in skin, mucous membrane, air, water, milk, etc. It is known as the origin of bacteria induced odor like rotten smell and sweat smell.
b.
Proteus Vulgalis
: This is bacterium to decompose protein and urea and is a kind of intestinal bacterium, which generates ammonia by decomposing urea rapidly. It decomposes urea and generates ammonia from wet-napkin of baby and then cause eczema in the soft skin of baby.
c.
Escherichia Coli, E. Coli
O-16: This is a representative bacterium living in intestines of man or animal, which contaminates water, soil and food. This bacteria usually do not have characteristic of disease-source, but it is contaminated by excrement directly or indirectly while it is living in food or beverages. So it is used as an index of contamination possibility of
Salmonella typni, Shigella dysenteriae
of disease-source intestinal bacteria.
d.
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
: This causes green excrement of infant or green milk of woman in childbed, which is usually coloring bacteria into green and cause inflammation in bronchus, meninges, eye, nose, ear, etc.
e.
Klebsiella Pneumoniae
f.
Salmonella Choleraesuis
g.
Salmonella Typni
h.
Salmonella Enteritidis
i.
Shigella Dysenteriae
j.
Clostridium Tentani
2) Filamentous Fungus
a.
Trichophyton Mentagrophtes
b.
Candina Albicans
: This causes candidiasis, which generates skin disease by decomposing urea into ammonia
c.
Penucillum Luteum
d.
Micrococcus Gyseum
Mode for Carrying out the Inventions
The following examples have been carried out in regard to anti-bacteria and sterilizing effect of active carbon electro-deposited with Ag—I system using standard disease-source bacteria, such as Gram positive bacteria of Staphylococcus,
Bacillus Subtillis
, and Gram negative bacteria of
Escherichia Coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Candida Albicans
causing condidiasis as yeast fungus, and Trichophyton Interdigital causing athlete's foot as a kind of mold.
EXAMPLE 1
Active carbon for liquid phase (1560 m′/g, 8×12 mesh size, produced by Dong-Yang Carbon Co., Ltd. of Korea ) is used to produce functional active carbon having anti-bacteria and sterilizing effect by electro depositing active carbon with Ag—I.
For silver plating, 1 wt % AgNO
3
solution is used as electrolyte. Active carbon is plated under the condition of 1 V voltage and 0.1 A electric current for about 10 seconds at room temperature. Active carbon obtained from the above treatment is dried at 80° C. in the oven for a day.
Electricity, 1 V voltage and 0.1 A current in the 15 wt % NaIO
3
solution for about 60 seconds is applied again to the copper plated active carbon. Finally, functionally active carbon plated with Ag—I having anti-bacteria and sterilizing effect is produced.
Functionally active carbon is dried at 80° C. in the oven for a day, after washing 2 or 3 times in the distilled water. Table 1 shows its adsorption characteristic and
FIG. 1
shows its anti-bacteria and sterilization characteristic against the disease-source bacteria. As
Sol Nanochem Ltd.
Webb Ziesenheim & Logsdon Orkin & Hanson, P.C.
Wong Edna
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