Alloys or metallic compositions – Ferrous – Processes
Patent
1988-08-30
1990-03-06
Rosenberg, Peter D.
Alloys or metallic compositions
Ferrous
Processes
75 58, C21C 700
Patent
active
049064355
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an activator mixture, consisting of a pluraty of components which improves metallurgic quality of alloy systems on iron basis and increases considerably the strength thereof, when used in course of steel production or welding as a pulverized inset of filler wires.
Increased requirements to be met by steels, as basic materials, in compliance with functional up-to-dateness and points of view of general energy and material savings, are directed to increased value in use and not to quantity. This increase in value of use has been directed to the increase of the complexicity.
Accordingly, value of use of steels has been determined mostly--in dependence of final destination--by the metallurgic quality, stress-tolerance of permanent deformation, embrittlement, stress limit of fatigue, weldability and resistance to wear.
Out of the characteristics forming the value of use of steels one of the most important features is the stress without permanent deformation.
The value of the highest stress to be used without deformation represents a characteristic feature of steels, which determines the the loadability and weight of the structures or structural elements made thereof in the majority of cases but influences them fundamentally in all cases.
Another important feature forming value of use of steels is the plasticity.
In general with steels increase in strength is accompanied by a decreased plasticity. Development of presently used steels is determined by the up-to-dateness of processing technology in compliance with development of the general technical level. Nevertheless, increased utilization of strength range of pure iron has not been properly emphasized in industrial alloy systems in order to increase loadability and reduce weight.
Presently used steels--with the exception of some functional parameters required by special technologies--do not serve for meeting the endeavours of application technics directed to modernization, material and energy savings.
Quick reduction of general energy and material reserves and thus ever increasing costs require necessarily that for producing or using any article of use or means a minimum of material, steel and energy should be applied.
Different methods are known for improving a single property of a steel by alloying or by heat treatment, in accordance with the intended final use.
With industrially produced steels, as a result of lattice faults, dislocations resulting from the different form, size and orientation of the single crystals, permanent deformation is induced by a stress, which is 1000- times lower, than theoretical lattice force.
In this way, every hindrance which hinders motion of dislocations in steel, increases strength of the steels. Such are e.g. elements located in the lattice dissolved by substitution or interstition, dislocations, grain limits, twin crystals, alien phases, generations, all being independent strengthening mechanisms in itselves. Practice confirmed the fact, is so far as presently used methods for increasing steel strength - as they activate but one or two strengthening mechanisms and mainly thermically--can plasticity characteristics and with a restricted result in respect of strength increasing.
The object of the present invention is to provide an activator mixture a metallurgical way for strengthening steels in, under the additive effect of which strength of steels can be increased by keeping simultaneously plasticity on the proper level and impovement of metallurgic quality can be simultaneously achieved, thus utilizuing theoretical lattice force for loadability, in systems of industrial application.
According to the invention the composition of the mixture used in a quantity oif 5 to 17 kg/t in course of steel production or as a pulverized inset of filler wires is as follows
______________________________________ Ca and/or Na 16 to 30%
Si 13 to 30%
V and/or Mo 2 to 28%
Nb and/or Ta 2 to 25%
Zr and/or Ce 2 to 15%
Ti 2 to 14%
Al and/or Ba 1 to 15%
B and/or Be 0,3 to 3,0%
C 1 to 5%
Fe 5 to 20% and
REFERENCES:
patent: 3020153 (1962-02-01), Linz
patent: 3767380 (1973-10-01), Csepanyi
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