Optics: measuring and testing – By particle light scattering – With photocell detection
Patent
1984-11-23
1986-05-27
Rosenberger, R. A.
Optics: measuring and testing
By particle light scattering
With photocell detection
356 36, 356 38, 356246, 356335, 250432R, G01N 2100
Patent
active
045912688
ABSTRACT:
This invention relates to a spectrophotometer that detects the types and amounts of certain chemical elements dissolved or suspended in a liquid or gas medium. A light beam of desirable frequency emitted from a light source passes through the mass concentration boundary layer adjacent to a filter surface, which filter functions as a selective barrier selectively blocking chemical elements or impurities under detection from moving thereacross. Prior to the start of a measurement, the filter surface is washed with the sample medium to be analyzed by allowing the sample medium to flow parallel to the filter surface without flowing across the filter. The measurement starts at the moment the outlet of the washing flow is shut-off whereupon a light sensor such as photoelectric sensor records the intensity of the light beam passing through the mass configuration boundary layer. As the dissolved or suspended chemical elements accumulates in the mass concentration boundary layer adjacent to the filter, the read out by the light sensor decreases in intensity because of the light adsorption or dispersion by the chemical elements accumulating in the mass concentration boundary layer. The time rate of the decrease of the normalized light intensity measured by the light sensor depends only on the rate of the sample flow across the filter and the percent mass of the chemical elements dissolved or suspended in the medium, but it is absolutely independent of the physical or optical boundary conditions of the measuring apparatus. The normalized light intensity is the instant light intensity divided by the initial light intensity measured at the beginning of the measuring cycle immediately after the completion of the washing cycle. The normalized light intensity of the dispersed light through the mass concentration boundary layer can be used to measure the turbidity of the sample medium. When the filter is opaque, the light beam is directed substantially parallel to the surface of the filter through the mass concentration boundary layer. When the filter is light-transparent, the light beam may be directed across the filter. When the filter surface is light-reflective, the light sensor may measure the intensity of the reflected light that passes twice through the mass concentration boundary layer.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3306157 (1967-02-01), Mach
patent: 4341471 (1982-07-01), Moss et al.
Cooper Crystal
Rosenberger R. A.
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