Refrigeration – Refrigeration producer – Sorbent type
Patent
1995-06-05
1997-02-11
Doerrler, William
Refrigeration
Refrigeration producer
Sorbent type
62489, 62497, F25B 1512, F25B 1500
Patent
active
056009682
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to an absorption machine, namely a heat transformer or an absorption heat pump, having multi-temperature compartments in the absorber and/or the generator. To be more specific, the invention concerns an absorption cycle in which the absorber emits heating media of different temperatures and the generator utilises heating media of different temperatures. By the terms "absorption heat pump" and "heat transformer" is meant an absorption cycle in which heat is supplied to the generator at one temperature level and heat is removed from the absorber at another temperature level. In the absorption heat pump, the temperature is at its highest in the generator, whereas in the heat transformer, the temperature is at its highest in the absorber. Examples of pairs of working media used are H.sub.2 O/NaOH, H.sub.2 O/KOH, H.sub.2 O/LiBr, H.sub.2 O/CsOH, H.sub.2 O/hydroxide mixtures, H.sub.2 O
itrate mixtures, and NH.sub.3 /H.sub.2 O.
Basically, an absorption cycle of this type comprises five main components, namely an absorber, an evaporator, a generator, a condenser, and a solution heat exchanger which is essential to the efficiency of the cycle. A solution of a pair of working media circulates through and between the absorber and the generator, a strong working-medium solution (hereinafter referred to as "strong solution", having a high concentration of working medium, often consisting of water) being supplied to the generator, and a weak working-medium solution (hereinafter referred to as "weak solution") being supplied to the absorber. Heat is supplied to the generator for evaporating the working medium, and heat generated when working medium in vapour state is absorbed (condensed) in the solution is removed from the absorber. The working-medium steam from the generator is supplied to the condenser, where it is condensed. The condensed working medium is supplied to the evaporator, where it is again evaporated, to be subsequently supplied to the absorber, where it is absorbed.
The working-medium solutions in the generator and the absorber have different temperature levels, and an effective heat exchange between the flows circulating between these two components is essential to obtain a reasonable degree of efficiency in the installation.
In a heat transformer, heat is supplied to the evaporator and the generator at a temperature level below that at which heat is removed from the absorber. About half of the total amount of heat supplied is recovered as useful heat at a higher temperature. In an absorption heat pump heat is supplied to the generator at a temperature level above that at which heat is removed from the condenser and the absorber. About twice as much heat as is supplied to the generator is recovered as useful heat in the condenser and the absorber.
In a heat transformer, the pressure in the generator and the condenser is lower than that in the absorber and the evaporator, while it is just the opposite in an absorption heat pump.
Swedish Patent Application 8703128-2 discloses an absorption machine having thermosiphon-induced auto-circulation and comprising an absorber, an evaporator, a generator, a condenser, and a solution heat exchanger arranged between the generator and the absorber. The working-medium solution is circulated through the absorber, the generator and the solution heat exchanger. The working-medium steam separated in the generator is circulated through the condenser and the evaporator, to be recycled to the working-medium solution in the absorber. This is achieved by arranging the absorber/evaporator and the generator/condenser on different levels, thereby to maintain the pressure difference between the absorber/evaporator and the generator/condenser required for auto-circulation.
In a heat transformer according to this system, only a single heating medium having one temperature is discharged from the absorber, whereas as a rule only a single heating medium having one temperature is used in the generator/evaporator. In an absorption heat pump, only a single heating me
REFERENCES:
patent: 1798946 (1931-03-01), Maiuri et al.
patent: 3396549 (1968-08-01), McGrath
patent: 3817050 (1974-06-01), Alexander et al.
patent: 3831397 (1974-08-01), Mamiya
patent: 3928983 (1975-12-01), Ainbinder et al.
patent: 3990263 (1976-11-01), Ainbinder et al.
Abrahamsson Klas
Gidner Anders
Jernqvist .ANG.ke
Chematur Engineering Aktiebolag
Doerrler William
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