Absorption diffusion type refrigerating structure

Details Absorption diffusion type refrigerating structure Absorption diffusion type refrigerating structure

2002-05-14

2003-06-24

Jones, Melvin (Department: 3744)

Refrigeration

Refrigeration producer

Sorbent type

C062S476000, C062S492000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06581406

ABSTRACT:

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an absorption diffusion type refrigerating structure and, more particularly, to a refrigerating structure of largely shrunk volume and reduced weight.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A conventional refrigerating circulation system of an air conditioner comprises mainly a titanium heat pipe generator
1
, a hydrogen chest
2
, a separator
3
, a liquid heat exchanger
4
, an absorber
5
, a dehydrator
6
, a condenser
7
, an evaporator
8
, an air heat exchanger
9
, a filter pipe
10
, an analyzer
11
, a U-shaped pipe
12
, a fan
13
, and a mineral wool plate
14
. Ammonia aqueous solution has a high latent heat to be used as a refrigerant. Because water can absorb a large amount of ammonia at room temperature and pressure, and the absorbed ammonia will divagate from water when water is heated, water is used as an absorbent in reverse process. Moreover, hydrogen will accelerate the evaporation rate of ammonia to provide pressure equilibrium for the system. For a system achieving absorption refrigerating circulation through gravity and heat, the whole system is non-mechanical. There will be no action of revolution of compressor, not to mention sound of revolution of compressor.
As shown in
FIG. 1
, heat is added to the generator
1
to let ammonia divagate from the solution after the titanium heat pipe is electrified. The ammonia vapor at high temperature will rise along the filter pipe
10
and carry part solution to enter the separator
3
, where the vapor and the liquid will separately flow along pipeline
3
a
and
3
b
, respectively. The liquid flows into the liquid heat exchanger
4
from the pipeline
3
b
by gravity, and then reaches the absorber
5
. The vapor in the separator
3
descends and diverts to the analyzer
11
from the central pipeline
3
a
. Because the vapor is lighter, after it rises to the dehydrator
6
, if there is still any water or condensed liquid, they will flow downwards to the analyzer
11
and then back into the generator
1
. The dehydrator
6
has a plurality of annular baffle plates
6
a
to block the vapor from carrying liquid upwards.
After passing the dehydrator
6
, pure ammonia is obtained to enter the condenser
7
, which is divided into a condensing pipe
7
a
and a condensing pipe
7
b
. The condensing pipe
7
a
has fins capable of condensing part of the vapor. Heat in the system is only utilized in upward circulation and only up to the condensing pipe
7
a
. Subsequent circulation relies only on gravity to let pure ammonia flow to the evaporator
8
. Additionally, the vapor not condensing at the condensing pipe
7
a
rises to the condensing pipe
7
b
and then condenses there. The U-shaped pipe
12
between the condenser
7
and the evaporator
8
is used for storing ammonia liquid. When the storage of ammonia liquid exceeds a predetermined level, the ammonia liquid will flow into the evaporator
8
. Because the liquid is affected by gravity, horizontal equilibrium is accomplished.
After the liquid brims the U-shaped pipe
12
, it will flow into the evaporator
8
. When the ammonia liquid enters the evaporator
8
and forms a thin film of ammonia liquid on a series of horizontal baffle plates
8
a
, hydrogen gas will fill into the U-shaped pipe
12
to decrease the pressure of the ammonia liquid to a designed standard so that the ammonia liquid can evaporate at low temperatures. When the ammonia liquid evaporates, it will absorb heat, hence accomplishing the effect of condensation. The vapor will be discharged by the fan
13
and be isolated by the mineral wool plate
14
.
The more the hydrogen, the less the ammonia, and the lower the temperature thereof. When the ammonia liquid is evaporated and mixed with the hydrogen gas, the mixed gas will be heavier than the hydrogen gas, and will descends into the absorber
5
along an inner pipe
9
a
of the vapor heat exchanger
9
. Simultaneously, the hydrogen gas rising from an outer pipe
9
b
is refrigerated. Diluted ammonia aqueous solution flowing from the separator
3
via the liquid heat exchanger
4
into the top of the absorber
5
will absorb ammonia vapor once contacting the mixed gas coming from the vapor heat exchanger
9
. Therefore, only the hydrogen gas remains. Because the hydrogen gas is insoluble in water and is lighter, it will rise into the evaporator
8
along the outer pipe
9
b
of the vapor heat exchanger
9
to mix with the ammonia vapor again. The absorber
5
has fins
5
a
outside cooled by air. This will refrigerate diluted ammonia aqueous solution and enhance its capability of absorption.
Simultaneously, when diluted ammonia aqueous solution absorbs ammonia vapor, it will also generate heat. Therefore, using the air-cooled fins
5
a
to remove heat will enhance continual circulation of the system. When the solution absorbs a large amount of ammonia vapor, it becomes concentrated ammonia aqueous solution and descends to the bottom of the absorber
6
, and continually descends back into the generator
1
via the liquid heat exchanger
4
and the analyzer
11
to start another circulation.
The prior art has the following drawbacks. The pipeline of the evaporator is very long and complicated, and the vapor and liquid separator also occupy much space. Moreover, the condenser has a curved loop, which requires more space. Mutual flow between ammonia liquid, ammonia vapor, and hydrogen gas in the evaporator affects the whole stability, and requires a very long pipeline, which is very uneconomic. Furthermore, the vapor heat exchanger, the liquid heat exchanger, and the absorber also have very long pipelines, respectively, hence increasing the flow path of pipeline and the whole volume. Therefore, the prior art has a very large volume, which cannot be reduced. The present invention aims to resolve the above problems in the prior art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
One object of the present invention is to provide an absorption diffusion type refrigerating structure, wherein a capillary device is arranged in a concentrated ammonia aqueous solution tank to increase the surface of absorption reaction for enhancing extra absorption reaction. The absorber is vertical. The absorber has a spiral device therein to lengthen the flow path of diluted ammonia aqueous solution, to extend the time of diluted ammonia aqueous solution in the absorber, and to expand the reaction surface area of diluted ammonia aqueous solution in the absorber, hence reducing the whole weight, shrinking the volume, simultaneously increasing the refrigerating speed, and simplifying the shape and structure of the evaporator. An ammonia liquid pipe and a hydrogen pipe are arranged in the evaporator.
The evaporator has a simple and symmetrical shape, and can be processed and assembled easily, hence saving the space thereof. Moreover, because the ammonia liquid pipe and the hydrogen pipe penetrate into the evaporator, the heat exchange thereof is better, the refrigerating temperature is lower, hence further reducing the system weight and shrinking the volume. Therefore, the present invention can produce smaller refrigerating structures with better operational characteristics, letting portable refrigerating structures be feasible.
The structure of the present invention has a concentrated ammonia aqueous solution tank to receive concentrated ammonia aqueous solution. The concentrated ammonia aqueous solution tank is led out via a concentrated ammonia aqueous solution pipe to penetrate into a diluted ammonia aqueous solution pipe to perform heat exchange. The diluted ammonia aqueous solution pipe passes through a generator, which joins a heater outside. After being heated, ammonia in the concentrated ammonia aqueous solution pipe evaporates to be separated out, and mixed vapor and liquid bubble flow of diluted ammonia aqueous solution and ammonia vapor passes through a separator and then rises to a pipeline of a rectifier. The diluted ammonia aqueous solution reflows from the separator, through the diluted ammonia aqueous solution pipe to be near the concentrat

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