Animal husbandry – Material for absorbing moisture from waste product – Having clay component
Patent
1991-06-12
1992-05-05
Mancene, Gene
Animal husbandry
Material for absorbing moisture from waste product
Having clay component
A01K 6700
Patent
active
051098059
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to an absorbent material which may be used as a litter for, for example, household pets which may be small animals such as hamsters, gerbils, rabbits or, particularly, cats. The word "absorbent" is used in the colloquial sense and should not be understood to exclude adsorbent materials.
A wide variety of absorbent materials are suitable for use as litters and are available commercially as such. Such materials may be based on absorbent clays such as attapulgite or montmorillonite or may be based on calcium silicate or gypsum or even on cellulosic materials such as wood fibre or paper. In most cases such products are processed to render them particularly absorbent and resistant to physical degradation over a desirable period of use which will generally be at least 2 or 3 days and possibly up to 1 week.
A great problem for litter manufacturers has been the satisfactory masking or prevention of odour during the envisaged period of use. This is a particularly important aspect of a satisfactory litter product in the case of litter used in relation to cats.
A number of proposals have been made for the inclusion of fragrances or perfumes in litter products to mask odour. The present invention, however, relates to the prevention of odour generation at source.
It has been found that, while the mechanism of odour generation in litter may not be fully understood, odour may be abated over a reasonably extended period of use by the inclusion in the litter of a suitable bactericide or bacteriostat. Hereafter the term "bactericide" is used to include bacteriostats unless the context indicates otherwise.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,828,731 discloses a biodegradable litter material to which may be added, to inhibit the formation of odour-causing bacteria, benzaldehyde green (C.sub.23 H.sub.25 ClN.sub.2), rose bengal, quaternary ammonium compounds or sodium or calcium propionate.
United Kingdom Patent Specification No. 1517124 discloses a litter material of prilled urea beads having a surface coating of calcium silicate containing a bactericide which may be quaternary ammonium salts, organic mercurial compounds, bisphenols, phenols or hexachlorophene.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,203,388 discloses a litter material made from recycled paper which may contain as a bactericide cetyl pyridinium chloride or cetyalkonium chloride.
United Kingdom Patent specification No. 2108389 discloses a biocidal composition, for addition to livestock litter, comprising an alkyl benzene sulphonic acid, where the alkyl group may contain from 4 to 20 carbon atoms, dissolved in a hydrophobic oil base.
European Patent Specification No. 109275 discloses a litter material which may comprise clay; such as kaolinite, montmorillonite or bentonite; fly ash; fibrous webs which may be cellulosic; or pelletised sawdust or polyurethane foam, the litter material also containing a broad spectrum bacteriostat which may be an alkyl monocarboxylic acid having from 3 to 9 carbon atoms or a halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon selected from halogenated phenols, halogenated disphenyls and halogenated bis-phenols. Specific examples of such halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon bacteriostats are p-chloro-m-cresol; hexachlorophene; 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'hydroxy phenyl ether; trichlorocarbanilide; 2,4-dichloro-m-xylenol; 3,4,5-tribromosalicylanilide; 3,5,3'4'tetrachlorosalicylanilide or others.
European Patent Specification No. 201209 discloses a litter material which may be a clay or synthetic calcium sulphate dihydrate containing a benzoic acid ester the ester moiety of which may contain 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Such esters are referred to as the "parabens".
According to the present invention there is provided a litter comprising an absorbent material containing a bactericidal additive the litter being characterised in that the additive comprises one or more aliphatic bromo-nitro-bactericides in which the bromo- and nitro- groups are carried on the same carbon atom.
A suitable class of bactericides for use according to the present invention is represented by the general formula: ##STR1#
Baldry Michael G. C.
Cummerson David A.
Laporte Industries Limited
Mancene Gene
Price Thomas
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