Surgery – Means and methods for collecting body fluids or waste material – Absorbent pad for external or internal application and...
Patent
1983-07-25
1989-04-11
Rosenbaum, C. Fred
Surgery
Means and methods for collecting body fluids or waste material
Absorbent pad for external or internal application and...
A61F 1316
Patent
active
048202932
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to an absorbent body which comprises an absorbent layer, a jacket and possibly a wound-protecting layer. The absorbent body can be used e.g. in compresses, various types of dressings and bandages and for collecting fluids from natural or artificial bodily openings.
The conventional and known materials used at present for collecting (absorbing) fluids from natural or artificial bodily openings, naturally occuring or artificial wounds, discharging skin and mucous membrane surfaces, are usually cotton or cellulose, possibly covered with a permeable layer such as perforated sheet or gauze designed to lie in contact with the fluid-discharging surface or the fluid-discharging region. The fluid is absorbed by the absorbent material by simple diffusion or by a certain amount of capillary force. The fluid-discharging region is therefore always in direct contact with the fluid collected in the absorbent material, which causes irritation of the tissues with harmful effect on healing and risk of subsequent infection. In the fluid collected in the absorbent material there is a massive growth of bacteria, which increases the risk of infection and spreading of infection in a hospital environment for example, and produces unpleasantness due to the foul-smelling products formed when bacteria grow in the presence of blood and blood serum.
The volume of secretion or fluid which a conventional compress of size 100.times.100 mm can abosrb from a wound, for example, is at most 15 ml. The compress is then dripping wet and in most cases grown-through with up to about 10.sup.8 bacteria per ml of fluid.
Many attempts have been made to overcome the disadvantages of the present dressings. Swedish Patent Specification No. 7205809-2 reveals a non-adherent layer, possibly with a germicidal agent. U.S. Pat. No. 3,446,208 also describes a non-adherent layer, as does U.S. Pat. No. 3,006,338 which describes a dressing with a non-adherent, perforated layer of gauze which has been treated with a film-forming material. U.S. Pat. No. 3,426,754 describes a dressing which is microporous to permit access to air to the wound. U.S. Pat. No. 3,113,568 describes a styptic bandage which comprises a net-like barrier for facilitating coagulation of blood.
Danish Patent Specification No. 138,972 describes an asorbent material containing fiber-coated hydrogel particles. Similar polymers which, upon absorption of water, form gels are described in Swedish Patent Specification No. 7013465-5 and in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,419,006, 3,664,343, 3,783,872, 3,669,103 and 3,670,731. U.S. Pat. No. 3,883,256 describe an absorbent bandage containing a tight layer of absorbent particles which upon absorption of liquid expand and melt together into a gel. The layer then prevents the liquid absorbed into the bandage from being pressed out therefrom under pressure. U.S. Pat. No. 3,678,933 describes a bandage with several layers with an absorbent layer in the middle and on either side a "screen" of thermoplastic film pressed onto a scrim so that the plastic wraps itself around the fibers in the scrim forming holes through which the liquid can penetrate to the absorbent material.
None of the bandages in the above mentioned specifications contains a semipermeable membrane or uses osmotic pressure differentials and therefore they have no similarity to the present inventive principle.
The purpose of the present invention is to achieve an absorbent body which takes up a large amount of fluid, e.g. secretion, and permanently encloses the fluid.
These purposes are achieved according to the invention with an absorbent body which comprises an absorbent layer, a jacket and possibly a wound-protecting layer and which, according to the invention, is characterized in that it consists of a fluid-absorbing substance which is enclosed in the jacket. Outside the jacket there is a fluid-absorbing layer, e.g. cellulose wadding, at least on the portion of the jacket intended to face the fluid-discharging region. The absorbent body possibly comprises, even outside the flu
REFERENCES:
patent: 3121427 (1964-02-01), Mosier
patent: 3490454 (1970-11-01), Goldfarb et al.
patent: 4055180 (1977-10-01), Karami
patent: 4102340 (1978-07-01), Mesek et al.
patent: 4456570 (1984-06-01), Thomas et al.
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