Surgery – Means and methods for collecting body fluids or waste material – Absorbent pad for external or internal application and...
Patent
1996-08-22
2000-06-27
Weiss, John G.
Surgery
Means and methods for collecting body fluids or waste material
Absorbent pad for external or internal application and...
604378, 264257, A61F 1315
Patent
active
060809094
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an absorbent body for an absorbent article, such as a diaper, an incontinence guard or a sanitary napkin, comprising a sheet or layer of absorbent material and a layer of particles of so-called superabsorbent material placed on the sheet of absorbent material. The invention also relates to an arrangement of apparatus for producing such an absorbent body.
2. Description of Related Art
The absorption capacity of present-day absorbent bodies in absorbent articles of the aforementioned kind is generally sufficient to be able to absorb all liquid discharged by the wearer over a normal period of use. Leakage problems associated with articles of this kind are more often than not contingent on the ability of the absorbent body to utilize its intrinsic absorption capacity to a sufficiently great extent. Decisive factors in this regard are the ability of the article to disperse and to receive liquid, i.e. on the effectiveness of its liquid transport properties. By liquid-receiving properties is meant in the present document the ability of the absorbent body to takeup a given quantity of discharged liquid quickly, i.e. its ability to transport liquid from the surface of the body into the interior thereof. The higher the liquid-receiving capacity, the quicker the discharged liquid is transported into the absorbent body.
At present, it is conventional to provide the absorbent bodies of such absorbent articles with so-called superabsorbent material, with the intention of increasing the total absorption capacity of such bodies. By superabsorbent material is meant material which is able to absorb liquid in quantities that correspond to many times the weight of the material. Such material is often used in the form of powder, grains, granules, flakes, short fibres or similar particle forms. In the case of materials of this kind, the liquid absorbed forms a gel. The materials also have low liquid-dispersing ability. Consequently, in order to utilize the high absorption capacity of superabsorbent materials, it is necessary to arrange the materials so that discharged liquid can be transported to all parts of the superabsorbent material.
This can be achieved by mixing particles of superabsorbent material in a layer of heavily compressed cellulose fluff pulp, wherewith the capillary forces in the fluff pulp layer spread the liquid throughout the layer and therewith to the superabsorbent particles mixed therein.
It is also known to use separate layers of superabsorbent material which coact with spreading or dispersion layers disposed on one side or on both sides of the layer of superabsorbent material. One problem that arises when using separate layers of superabsorbent material is so-called gel blocking, i.e. the gel that is formed when the superabsorbents absorb liquid prevents liquid from flowing through the layer.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,994,053 teaches an absorbent article in which a sheet or layer which includes a pattern of discrete regions containing superabsorbent particles drains an overlying cellulose fluff layer, while U.S. Pat. No. 5,118,376 teaches an absorbent article in which superabsorbent particles are contained in a pattern of hollows or pits in a fibre mat, this pattern being produced by mechanical compression of the fibre mat in said pitted regions with the aid of an embossing cylinder or roller.
Absorbent bodies in which particles of superabsorbent material are mixed into a layer of cellulose fluff pulp normally have better liquid-receiving properties than absorbent bodies in which fluff pulp and particles are applied in mutually separate layers, particularly after several liquid discharges. On the other hand, layered absorbent bodies normally have better rewetting properties, i.e. which when the article is subjected to load are better able to retain the liquid absorbed by the absorbent body than absorbent bodies in which the particles are mixed in the fluff pulp.
In the case of the absorbent articles before mentioned, the total
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Guidotti Ted
Osterdahl Eje
Ruhl Dennis
SCA Hygiene Products AB
Weiss John G.
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