Surgery – Instruments – Orthopedic instrumentation
Patent
1987-05-18
1989-05-09
Pellegrino, Stephen C.
Surgery
Instruments
Orthopedic instrumentation
6043851, 604358, A61F 1316, A41B 1302
Patent
active
048285552
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates primarily to an absorbent article such as a diaper or an incontinence protector.
One demand on such a product is that it must be capable of absorbing discharged body fluid without leaking.
In certain types of urinary incontinence, emptying of the urinary bladder takes place in a sudden, uncontrollable manner so that a large quantity of body fluid is discharged within a short period of time. For an adult, this quantity may amount to as much as 15-30 cl of fluid flowing out at a time. An example of this type of urinary incontinence is the so-called pressure incontinence. Elderly women are those most frequently suffering from pressure incontinence, the symptoms being an urgent, uncontrollable feeling of pressure appearing quite unexpectedly and most often leading to the bladder being emptied before the sufferer has had the time to reach a lavatory.
The absorbency of conventional diapers is not sufficient for rapidly taking up the large quantities of fluid common in pressure incontinence, and extreme leakages of urine resulting in wetted clothes are therefore a rule rather than an exception for individuals suffering from this type of incontinence.
Great efforts have been made to accomplish diaper constructions for the purpose of solving this problem, which have so far proved unsuccessful, however.
One suggestion to a solution can be found, for example, in the European Patent Specification No. 124 365.
An absorbent body designed in accordance with the above publication is said to be capable of absorbing and retaining during a short period of time a large quantity of discharged body fluid. Said absorbent body, which is intended for diapers, sanitary napkins and incontinence protectors, is substantially rectangular and has two receptacles for body fluids, accomplished by means of compression, said receptacles being in communication with a duct which is also formed by compression.
Discharged body fluid is passed via the communication duct to the receptacles to be absorbed there by the absorbent body. However, due to the comparatively narrow dimension of the duct and the relatively limited receptacle areas, a diaper having such an absorbent body has to be positioned absolutely correctly in the user's crotch to fulfill its function and to actually collect discharged body fluid. When moving, the user will otherwise be exposed to the imminent risk of the diaper slipping somewhat out of alignment, so that body fluid comes outside the duct and flows over the edge of the diaper thereby wetting the user's clothes.
According to said patent specification, the rectangular shape of this prior art absorbent body is justified by a desire to widen the communication duct between the receptacles in that the diaper when used is compressed in the crotch region so as to assume a "boat shape" in order presumably to reduce diaper leakage.
In fact, however, the known, soft and flexible diaper will instead crumple up into a clumsy package between the user's legs blocking in this way the communication duct so that no body fluid can be led off. As a result, the efficiency of this diaper will be just as good or bad as other conventional diapers without any duct system being compressed thereinto, since body fluid will start to flow out and onto the user's clothes as soon as the absorbent material disposed in the crotch region of the diaper has been saturated. Moreover, a diaper of the soft, flexible type described above will easily give rise to the formation of cross-folds as the user moves, these fols then leading fluid sideways out of the diaper.
There have been made other attempts as well to overcome the problem of taking up large amounts of fluid for instance in cases of pressure incontinence. As an example, there is previously known a method of incorporating a liquid-distributing layer in the absorbent body for transporting fluid away from the wetting point, making in this manner the greatest possible part of the absorbent body accessible for absorption. The efficiency of this type of liquid-transport is ho
REFERENCES:
patent: 3364931 (1968-01-01), Hirsch
patent: 3528422 (1970-09-01), Hodaj
patent: 4184498 (1980-01-01), Franco
patent: 4624666 (1986-12-01), DeRossett et al.
Molnlycke AB
Pellegrino Stephen C.
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