Abrasive tool making process – material – or composition – With carbohydrate or reaction product thereof
Patent
1983-12-12
1986-12-30
Schmidt, Frederick R.
Abrasive tool making process, material, or composition
With carbohydrate or reaction product thereof
51321, B24C 504
Patent
active
046318712
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention relates to an abrasive fluid jet apparatus in which particulate solid material is entrained in a fluid jet for the purpose of improving the cutting and/or cleaning ability of the jet.
BACKGROUND ART
One known form of dispenser for a jet of fluid bearing particulate abrasive material, disclosed in UK Patent Specification No. 1 569 736, comprises housing means defining a transfer space; outlet means defining an outlet aperture extending from the transfer space; and jetting nozzle means for directing a fluid through the transfer space and the outlet aperture in a jet.
However, in this known form of apparatus, the particulate solid material is fed into the transfer space in a dry condition along passages extending convergently with the axis of the jet, the dry particulate solid material being drawn into the transfer space as a result of suction caused by the jet passing through the transfer space. Thus, even where great care is taken in the design and manufacture of apparatus such as this, there is a tendency for the dry particulate solid material to clog and thereby cause variations in the amount of particulate solid material entrained in the jet.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The purpose of the present invention is to provide an abrasive fluid jet apparatus which is less difficult to design and manufacture and in which particulate solid material is entrained in the fluid jet at a more uniform rate than in known apparatus.
This is achieved by providing inlet means for directing a carrier fluid, in which the particulate solid material is entrained, along a spiral path within the transfer space and guide means for conducting the carrier fluid with the entrained particulate solid material through the transfer space towards the jet for entraining the particulate solid material in the outer layer of the jet.
The invention therefore provides an abrasive fluid jet apparatus comprising housing means defining a transfer space; inlet means for directing a carrier fluid with entrained particulate solid material along a spiral path within the transfer space; outlet means defining an outlet aperture extending from the transfer space; jetting nozzle means for directing a fluid through the transfer space and through the outlet aperture in a jet; guide means for conducting the carrier fluid with the entrained particulate solid material through the transfer space towards the jet for entraining the particulate solid material in the outer layer of the jet.
Thus, by entraining the particulate solid material in a carrier fluid and providing means for directing this carrier fluid along a spiral path, it is possible to maintain a constant concentration of solid particulate material in the carrier fluid entrained in the outer layer of the jet.
Conveniently, a housing encloses the transfer space and has first and second ends respectively surrounding the jetting nozzle means and the outlet means and a connecting wall extending between the first and the second ends; and the guide means comprise inner surfaces of the transfer space which deflect the carrier fluid with the entrained particulate solid material in the transfer space radially inwards towards the axis of the jet.
Thus, in one embodiment according to the invention, the transfer space is bounded by the first and second ends and the connecting wall.
In a preferred form of the invention, for use with a particulate solid material which is denser than the carrier fluid, the outlet means comprise a tubular member extending from within the housing; and the transfer space is bounded, in part, by the tubular member, the connecting wall and the second end of the housing. The inner surface of the first end may be shaped so as to facilitate the movement of the particulate solid material towards the jet and is preferably frusto-conical in shape.
With this form of apparatus, particulate solid material is concentrated towards the outer portion of the transfer space, as a result of centrifugal force, whereas the carrier fluid is concentrated towards the cen
REFERENCES:
patent: 2440643 (1948-04-01), Pettinos
patent: 3055149 (1962-09-01), Luce
Fluid Engineering Products Limited
Rose Robert A.
Schmidt Frederick R.
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