Electricity: electrical systems and devices – Safety and protection of systems and devices – With specific voltage responsive fault sensor
Patent
1987-07-21
1989-07-04
Jennings, Derek S.
Electricity: electrical systems and devices
Safety and protection of systems and devices
With specific voltage responsive fault sensor
361 56, 361111, 361119, 361120, H02H 320
Patent
active
048455806
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention concerns the elimination of voltages not in the Bandpass of the filter, A.C. or D.C. voltages.
The proliferation in the use of integrated circuits in home controls and electronics, telecommunications, commercial and industrial controls, and the computer field has resulted in the desirability of a circuit that will eliminate transient spikes and suppress over-voltages that destroy IC's. This invention provides such a circuit. It also has the capability of passing audio, Tip and ring voltages, data transmission and touch tone frequencies for both the input phone lines and the output phone lines and remotes of a PBX and other systems. The circuit removes over-voltages caused by lightning strike and man-made equipment.
2. Background Art
Crosby et. al. utilizes a series tuned circuit comprised of 2 capacitors 5 & 6 and 2 inductors L7 & L8. A series tuned circuit has a lower Q of resonance and a wider Bandpass than the Pi Network used in our circuit, which demonstrates a high Q and sharp slopes to cutoff of Bandpass voltages. To bleed-off the over-voltage we use a minimum of 4 caps and 2 inductors, MOV's and gas charge tubes as voltage reducers. There is no need for current limiting as the load will only pull the current consumed normally. SUMMARY
My high Q, narrow Bandpass filter acts as a spike eliminator of lightning strike spikes which have higher frequency components. The gas discharge tube voltage limiters and MOV's reduce the voltage level required to protect our bypass capacitors from over-voltage. As a practical matter, a Micro-Second (10-6) is about the best response time achievable with known transient surge suppression devices which includes gas discharge tube, MOV's, Zener diodes and other solid state devices. The Bandpass Filter stops voltages out of Passboard frequencies. This prevents spikes from reaching the load. The Bandpass Filter's high impedence stops the transient spike to allow the voltage rise and removal of the over-voltage by the MOV. The MOV operates at 121% above normal line voltage. My capacitors are set up for voltage rise to the MOV activation plus a safety margin. This insures repeat performance and longer circuit life.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:
FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic showing one embodiment of the fixed, portable and mobile protection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit schematic of an embodiment of a fixed 230 VAC 3 phase protection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic of an embodiment of a fixed 408 VAC 3 phase protection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 4A is a circuit schematic of an embodiment of a fixed secondary protection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 4B is a construction schematic of the service entrance and meter socket mounting system of the home commercial protection circuit of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to the drawings wherein like reference characters are used for like parts throughout, there is illustrated in FIG. 1 a 117 VAC 1 phase live line with bare wire ground and L1 & L2 supply A.C. voltage. Connected in series with L1 is a circuit breaker CB12 rated for load limit. A MOV 4 limits voltage. Capacitors C-5 & C-7 with inductor L6 form a Bandpass filter that prohibits passage of spikes. A resistor R12 and LED D13 form indicating circuit, Leg 2 the return line is a duplication of Line 1 less the indicating circuit. Capacitors C10 & C8 with inductor L9 form a Bandpass filter. All MOV's and capacitors go to ground with inductors in series with line to form Bandpass filter. Valves determine cutoff of frequency Bandpass filter.
Referring now to FIG. 2, Bandpass Spike Eliminator Filter, (1) Leg 1, Leg 2 and Leg 3 are hot lines with a; (2) Common; (3) Bonded Earth Ground; (4) which can be connected to 220 VAC 3 Phase AC Power Source. A first Gas Tube GT-1 is connected between hot line Leg 1 and Ground; (2) a Metal Oxide Varistor Mov-2 connected between hot line Leg 1 and grou
REFERENCES:
patent: 4455586 (1984-06-01), Macartney
patent: 4563720 (1986-01-01), Clark
patent: 4584622 (1986-04-01), Crosby et al.
patent: 4587588 (1986-05-01), Goldstein
patent: 4675722 (1987-06-01), Epstein
patent: 4760485 (1988-07-01), Ari et al.
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