Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series – Organic compounds – Carbohydrates or derivatives
Patent
1997-05-20
1999-12-07
Degen, Nancy
Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series
Organic compounds
Carbohydrates or derivatives
536 221, 536 231, 536 2531, 536 2721, 536 284, C07H 1900, C07H 1906, C07H 1919, C07H 2100
Patent
active
059986034
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention is directed to oligomeric compounds that are functionalized to include covalently bound groups. Specifically, the oligomeric compounds include a tetrahydrofuran moiety that is functionalized with a pendant conjugate group.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Oligonucleotides and their analogs have been developed and used in molecular biology in certain procedures as probes, primers, linkers, adapters, and gene fragments. Modifications to oligonucleotides used in these procedures include labeling with non-isotopic labels, e.g. fluorescein, biotin, digoxigenin, alkaline phosphatase, or other reporter molecules. Other modifications have been made to the ribose phosphate backbone to increase the nuclease stability of the resulting analog. These modifications include use of methyl and other alkyl phosphonates, phosphorothioates, phosphorodithioate, phosphoamidate and phosphotriester linkages, and 2'-O-methyl ribose sugar units. Further modifications include modification made to modulate uptake and cellular distribution. Phosphorothioate oligonucleotides are presently being used in human clinical trials for various disease states, including use as antiviral agents. In view of the success of these oligonucleotides for both diagnostic and therapeutic uses, there exists an ongoing demand for improved oligonucleotide analogs.
Oligonucleotides and like molecules can interact with native DNA and RNA in several ways. One of these is duplex formation between an oligonucleotide and a single stranded nucleic acid. A further method is via triplex formation between an oligonucleotide and double stranded DNA to form a triplex structure.
Naturally occurring or synthetic oligonucleotides, together with hybrid species having both synthetic and natural components, can collectively be referenced as "oligomeric compounds." Because of their properties, these oligomeric compounds are known to be useful in a number of different areas. They can be used as probes in cloning, blotting procedures, and in applications such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Also, since local triplex formation inhibits gene transcription, such oligomeric compounds can be used to inhibit gene transcription. Labeled oligomers can also be used to directly map DNA molecules, such as by tagging an oligomer with a fluorescent label and effecting hybridization to complementary sequences in duplex DNA. Oligomers can also be used as identification tags in combinatorial chemical libraries as is disclosed in patent publication WO 94/08051 and Ohlmeyer et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1993, 90, 10922-10926.
Considerable research is being directed to the application of oligonucleotides and oligonucleotide analogs that bind complementary DNA and RNA strands for use as diagnostics, research reagents and potential therapeutics.
For most uses, it is desirable to append to oligomeric compounds groups that modulate or otherwise influence their activity or their membrane or cellular transport. One method of increasing such transport is by the attachment of a pendant lipophilic group. U.S. application Ser. No. 117,363, filed Sep. 3, 1993, entitled "Amine-Derivatized Nucleosides and Oligonucleosides", describes several alkylamino functionalities and their use in the attachment of such pendant groups to oligonucleosides. Additionally, U.S. application Ser. No. 07/943,516, filed Sep. 11, 1992, entitled "Novel Amines and Methods of Making and Using the Same" and corresponding to published PCT application WO 94/06815 describe other novel amine-containing compounds, and their incorporation into oligonucleotides for, inter alia, the purposes of enhancing cellular uptake, increasing lipophilicity, causing greater cellular retention and increasing the distribution of the compound within the cell. U.S. application Ser. No. 08/116,801, filed Sep. 3, 1993, entitled "Thiol-Derivatized Nucleosides and Oligonucleosides", describes nucleosides and oligonucleosides derivatized to include a thioalkyl functionality, through which pendant groups are
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Cook Phillip Dan
Teng Kelly
Degen Nancy
ISIS Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Larson Thomas G.
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