Measuring and testing – Specific gravity or density of liquid or solid
Patent
1982-03-09
1984-04-17
Gill, James J.
Measuring and testing
Specific gravity or density of liquid or solid
73597, G01N 900
Patent
active
044427000
ABSTRACT:
The disclosed ultrasonic hydrometer determines the specific gravity (density) of the electrolyte of a wet battery, such as a lead-acid battery. The hydrometer utilizes a transducer that when excited emits an ultrasonic impulse that traverses through the electrolyte back and forth between spaced sonic surfaces. The transducer detects the returning impulse, and means measures the time "t" between the initial and returning impulses. Considering the distance "d" between the spaced sonic surfaces and the measured time "t", the sonic velocity "V" is calculated with the equation "V=2d/t". The hydrometer also utilizes a thermocouple to measure the electrolyte temperature. A hydrometer database correlates three variable parameters including sonic velocity in and temperature and specific gravity of the electrolyte, for temperature values between 0.degree. and 40.degree. C. and for specific gravity values between 1.05 and 1.30. Upon knowing two parameters (the calculated sonic velocity and the measured temperature), the third parameter (specific gravity) can be uniquely found in the database. The hydrometer utilizes a microprocessor for data storage and manipulation. The disclosed modified battery has a hollow spacer nub on the battery side wall, the sonic surfaces being on the inside of the nub and the electrolyte filling between the surfaces to the exclusion of intervening structure. An accessible pad exposed on the nub wall opposite one sonic surface allows the reliable placement thereagainst of the transducer.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3028749 (1962-04-01), Welkowitz
patent: 3648513 (1972-03-01), Patterson
patent: 4235099 (1980-11-01), Ishizaka
"Sound Velocimeters Monitor Process Streams" by Zacharias et al., from Chemical Engineering Jan. 22, 1973.
Esposito Michael F.
Gill James J.
Glenn Hugh W.
Lind Charles F.
The United States of America as represented by the United States
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