Process for the production of bitumens of a high penetration val

Details Process for the production of bitumens of a high penetration val Process for the production of bitumens of a high penetration val

1987-07-01

1990-12-04

Myers, Helane

Mineral oils: processes and products

Oxidation of mineral oils

208 4, 208 5, 208 6, 208 34, 1062731, 1062841, 1062843, 1062844, 106278, 106279, C08H 1300

Patent

active

049751760

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a process for the production of bitumens of a high penetration value, to apparatus adapted for carrying out this process, and to the new products thus obtained.
More particularly, the invention relates to a process for producing bitumens having a high softening point as expressed by the Ring and Ball value, associated with excellent penetration values, so that the obtained bitumens are of a high technological value in the preparation of bituminized felts, bituminous sheaths, bitumen based tiles, bituminized special papers, coatings for pipelines, dams and tubes, electrical insulating materials, waterproofing compounds generally, rubber mixtures, and the like.
The starting material for the production of the bitumens is the heavy residue of petroleum distillation. By varying the degree of vacuum during the distillation, regulating the temperature and introducing water vapour in a determined quantity, the hardness of the obtained product can be increased, but the latter is still very sensitive to variations in temperature.
Various methods are known which are adapted to produce bitumens with characteristics of sensitivity to temperature better than those of distillation bitumens. The technique that is most used is that of air blowing which, however, provides products of poor ductility and penetration values unless one resorts to methods of fluxing and subsequent blowing which considerably complicate the process and increase the cost of the end product. Some methods are based on treatment with dehydrogenating chemical compounds combined with oxidation by blowing in large volumes of air (starting from 80-100 Nm.sup.3 /h per ton of base bitumen) at high temperature (280.degree.-300.degree. C.); others use mechanical systems to improve the contact times between air and bitumen so as to be able to obtain higher values of the penetration index.
In U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,923,633 and 3,935,093 there are described processes of oxidizing bitumen by blowing air into a reactor provided with mechanical stirring systems adapted to improve contact between the air and bitumen. Although the temperature of these processes (230.degree.-250.degree. C.) is lower than that of many other known blowing processes, it is to be noted that still use is made of very large volumes of air (up to 570 Nm.sup.3 /h) and that a complex regulation of the speed of rotation of the stirrer is required.
It is the object of the present invention to eliminate or reduce the disadvantages of the known methods for the production of bitumen and to provide a process for producing bitumens having exceptionally good values of the softening point and penetration and which requires operating temperatures that are decidedly lower than those of the known processes, and minimum quantities of gaseous oxidizers, all this being obtained by relatively simple apparatus and without the need of sophisticated regulations or checks of the apparatus and process.
The above-mentioned and other objects and advantages of the invention, which will become apparent from the following description, are achieved, according to a first subject matter of the invention, by a process for the production of bitumen of high quality by blowing a bituminous mass comprising a base bitumen obtained as a residue of vacuum distillation of petroleum, characterized in that a turbodispersion of a gaseous oxidizing means is carried out in said bituminous mass at a temperature between 170.degree. and 250.degree. C., in which the gaseous oxidizer is dispersed in the bituminous mass in a proportion of between 0.1 and 1 m.sup.3 /h/ton.
The gaseous oxidizer is oxygen which may be used in the pure state or, more conveniently, as atmospheric oxygen. In this case air is used in a fivefold proportion of that defined above for the pure oxidizer, namely in a proportion of between 0.5 and 5 m.sup.3 /h per ton of base bitumen.
The term "turbodispersion" is intended to denote a vigorous dispersion of the gaseous oxidizer in the liquid base bitumen at a rate of turbulence obtained by mecha

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