Chemistry: electrical and wave energy – Processes and products
Patent
1981-12-30
1988-06-07
Andrews, R. L.
Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
Processes and products
404128, 404282, 404283, 404240R, C25B 114
Patent
active
047494522
ABSTRACT:
A unitary membrane-electrode assembly includes an electrode structure with multiple layers having different overvoltages for the desired electrochemical reaction. In the preferred arrangement the layer attached to the membrane has the higher overvoltage thereby preferentially locating the reaction zone a small but controlled distance away from the electrode membraneinterface. In a NaCl brine electrolysis process the use of a dual layer electrode as the cathode is particularly useful because it eliminates formation of concentrated caustic at the membrane surface. As a result, back migration of OH.sup.- ions is reduced and cathodic current efficiency is increased.
REFERENCES:
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patent: 4104197 (1978-08-01), Heffler
patent: 4224121 (1980-09-01), Dempsey
patent: 4299675 (1981-11-01), Korach
patent: 4301218 (1981-11-01), Benczur
patent: 4364803 (1982-12-01), Nidola et al.
patent: 4666574 (1987-05-01), Oda et al.
Coker Thomas G.
LaConti Anthony B.
Andrews R. L.
Oronzio de Nora Impianti Elettrochimici S.p.A.
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