Conveyors: fluid current – Conduit – Having fluid nozzle
Patent
1986-12-10
1989-11-07
Peters, Jr., Joseph F.
Conveyors: fluid current
Conduit
Having fluid nozzle
406195, 239590, B65G 5334
Patent
active
048787850
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
An abrasive fluid, that is a fluid with abrasive material entrained therein, causes wear on the surfaces of conduits through which it passes. The object of the present invention is to reduce such wear. It is possible to construct nozzles with one or more grades of wear resistant materials such as ceramics (for example tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide). These materials have been used in conventional nozzle shapes which are designed to accelerate the flow of fluid without undue loss of energy and without introducing disturbance which would cause the resulting high velocity jet of fluid to break up. When such nozzles are used with abrasive fluids, the particles of material still cause some wear on contact with the internal surfaces of the nozzle and they will be slowed down by impact with the nozzle. The present invention has the object of directing the abrasive material in abrasive fluids away from the internal surfaces of the nozzle in order to reduce such impact.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a method of transporting an abrasive fluid containing abrasive material and carrier fluid through a conduit, comprising directing the abrasive material along the center of the flow channel within the conduit, accelerating the carrier fluid and entraining the abrasive material within the accelerated carrier fluid. According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a fluid flow conduit comprising a flow channel, means adjacent to the upstream section of the conduit for directing abrasive material along the center of the flow channel, a section of reduced cross section for accelerating carrier fluid in the flow channel and a down-stream section for accelerating the abrasive material at the center of the flow channel due to entrainment with the accelerated carrier fluid.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Examples of the invention will now be described as reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a diametral cross-section through a nozzle assembly,
FIGS. 2 to 4 are schematic diametral cross-sections through alternative nozzle assemblies, FIG. 5 is a view on lines 5-5 in FIG. 2, and FIG. 6 is a view on lines 6-6 on FIG. 4.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the nozzle assembly of FIG. 1, abrasive fluid enters the up-stream section 1 of relatively large cross-section and abrasive material within the fluid is deflected towards the center of the flow channel by a tapered portion 4 between the up-stream section 1 and a mid-stream section 2. The carrier fluid tends to flow in stream-line manner in contact with the internal surfaces of the flow channels 1 and 2, whereas the abrasive material tends to be deflected by the tapered portion 4 towards the center of the flow channel within the section 2. Down-stream of the mid-stream section 2 is a further tapered portion 5 which causes the carrier fluid to accelerate due to its decreasing cross-section, and as the abrasive fluid flows through the down-stream section 3 following the tapered section 5, there is an interchange of momentum between the carrier fluid and the abrasive material flowing in the center of the flow channel, so that the abrasive material is accelerated and leaves the outlet 6 of the nozzle assembly at high velocity. It will be noted that there is a small shoulder between the mid-stream section 2 and the entrance to the tapered section 5, and the down-stream section 3 is enclosed within a cover whose outlet surface has a greater diameter than the down-stream section 3. Typical dimensions of such a nozzle assembly include diameters of 17.0, 11.3 and 2.8 mm respectively for the up-stream section 1, mid-stream section 2 and down-stream section 3, an entrance diameter of 9.5 mm for the tapered section 5, a lenght of 27 mm for the tapered section 4 and mid-stream section 2 together, and a lenght of 60 mm for the tapered section 5 and down-stream section 3 together. The outer diameter of the down-stream section 3 is 12mm. The tape
REFERENCES:
patent: 1736768 (1929-11-01), Boynton
patent: 3212217 (1965-10-01), Furgason
patent: 3276821 (1966-10-01), Edwards
patent: 3522659 (1970-08-01), Welch
patent: 4019783 (1977-04-01), Kayser
patent: 4080762 (1978-03-01), Watson
patent: 4161280 (1979-07-01), Kasinskas
patent: 4339406 (1982-07-01), Underwood
patent: 4478368 (1984-10-01), Yie
Heron Roger A.
Saunders David H.
Peters Jr. Joseph F.
Salmon Paul E.
The British Hydromechanics Research Association
LandOfFree
Abrasive fluid flow does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Abrasive fluid flow, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Abrasive fluid flow will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-80624