Electrolysis: processes – compositions used therein – and methods – Electrolytic synthesis – Preparing organic compound
Patent
1996-08-15
1997-12-02
Bell, Bruce F.
Electrolysis: processes, compositions used therein, and methods
Electrolytic synthesis
Preparing organic compound
205464, 205479, 205634, 204265, 204266, 204260, 204295, 428469, 428697, 428701, 428702, 429 33, C25B 102, C25B 302
Patent
active
056932120
ABSTRACT:
Solid membranes comprising an intimate, gas-impervious, multi-phase mixture of an electronically-conductive material and an oxygen ion-conductive material and/or a mixed metal oxide of a perovskite structure are described. Electrochemical reactor components, such as reactor cells, and electrochemical reactors are also described for transporting oxygen from any oxygen-containing gas to any gas or mixture of gases that consume oxygen. The reactor cells generally comprise first and second zones separated by an element having a first surface capable of reducing oxygen to oxygen ions, a second surface capable of reacting oxygen ions with an oxygen-consuming gas, an electron-conductive path between the first and second surfaces and an oxygen ion-conductive path between the first and second surfaces. The element may further comprise (1) a porous substrate, (2) an electron-conductive metal, metal oxide or mixture thereof and/or (3) a catalyst. The reactor cell may further comprise a catalyst in the zone which comprises a passageway from an entrance end to an exit end of the element. Processes described which may be conducted with the disclosed reactor cells and reactors include, for example, the partial oxidation of methane to produce unsaturated compounds or synthesis gas, the partial oxidation of ethane, substitution of aromatic compounds, extraction of oxygen from oxygen-containing gases, including oxidized gases, ammoxidation of methane, etc. The extraction of oxygen from oxidized gases may be used for flue or exhaust gas cleanup.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3400054 (1968-09-01), Ruka et al.
patent: 3630879 (1971-12-01), Spacil et al.
patent: 4130693 (1978-12-01), Van Den Berghe et al.
patent: 4253925 (1981-03-01), Mason
patent: 4315864 (1982-02-01), Bremer et al.
patent: 4327238 (1982-04-01), Eastman
patent: 4329208 (1982-05-01), Vayenas et al.
patent: 4330633 (1982-05-01), Yoshisato et al.
patent: 4347395 (1982-08-01), Chu et al.
patent: 4350835 (1982-09-01), Chester et al.
patent: 4360598 (1982-11-01), Otagiri et al.
patent: 4368346 (1983-01-01), Eastman
patent: 4389337 (1983-06-01), Eastman
patent: 4396537 (1983-08-01), Eastman
patent: 4457813 (1984-07-01), Rogers
patent: 4462876 (1984-07-01), DeLue et al.
patent: 4524236 (1985-06-01), McClain
patent: 4596787 (1986-06-01), Manyik et al.
patent: 4636286 (1987-01-01), DeLue et al.
patent: 4636371 (1987-01-01), Farha, Jr.
patent: 4643806 (1987-02-01), Hegedus et al.
patent: 4659448 (1987-04-01), Gordon
patent: 4705609 (1987-11-01), Cook
patent: 4789651 (1988-12-01), Sugie et al.
patent: 4791079 (1988-12-01), Hazbun
patent: 4793904 (1988-12-01), Mazanec et al.
patent: 4802958 (1989-02-01), Mazanec et al.
patent: 4931214 (1990-06-01), Worrell et al.
patent: 4933054 (1990-06-01), Mazanec et al.
patent: 5096642 (1992-03-01), Shirasaki
patent: 5306411 (1994-04-01), Mazanec et al.
patent: 5591315 (1997-01-01), Mazanec et al.
Skarchenko, "Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Hydrocarbons", pp. 1-23, vol. 9 No. 1, International Chemical Engineering (1969) No month available.
Pancharatan et al, "Catalytic Decomposition of Nitric Oxide on Zirconia by Electrolytic Removal of Oxygen", pp. 868-875, vol. 122, No. 7, J. Electrochemical Society, (1975) No month available.
Langer et al., "Electrogenerative & Voltameiotic Processes," pp. 567-579, vol. 18, No. 4, Ind. Eng. Chem. Process, Des. Dev., (1979) No month available.
Satteffield, "Heterogeneous Catalysis in Practice," cc. 8 & 9, pp. 199-279, Mc Graw-Hill, (1980) No month available.
Ounalli et al., "Hydrogen Production by Direct Thermolysis on Water on Semi-Permeable Membrane", pp. 1185-1190, C.R. Academy Science Paris (1981) No month available.
Cales et al., "Fluorite-type Solid Electrolytes as Oxygen Ion & Mixed Conductors, Progress in Solid Electrolytes", Wheat, T.A., et al., Energy of Mines and Resources, Ottawa, Canada ) 1983 No month available.
Michaels et al., "Kinetics of Vapor-Phase Electrochemical Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethylbenzene", vol. 85, pp. 477-487, Journal of Catalysis, (1984) No month available.
J.N. Michaels et al, "Styrene Production from Ethylbenzene on Platinum in a Zirconia Electrochemical Reactor", J. Electrochem. Soc., pp. 2544-2550 (1984) No month available.
Otsuka et al (1), "Steam Reforming of Hydrocarbons and Water Gas Shift Reaction", vol. 57, pp. 3286-3289, Bulletin of Chemical Society, Japan (1984) No month available.
Otsuka et al (II), "Catalytic Activity and Selectivity Control for Oxidation Coupling, etc.", pp. 319-322, Chemistry Letters, Chem. Society of Japan (1985) No month available.
Otsuka et al (III), "The Catalysts Active and Selective in Oxidative Coupling of Methane", pp. 499-500, Chemistry Letters, Chemical Society of Japan (1985) No month available.
Iwamatsu et al., "Importance of the Specific Surface Area of the Catalyst in Oxidative, etc.," pp. 19-20, J.Chem.Soc., Chem. Communication (1987) No month available.
"Electrochemical Abatement of Pollutants Nox and SOx in Combustion Exhaust Gases Employing a Solid-Oxide Electrolyte, etc." from DOE/METC-Sponrored Contractors Review Meeting (1987) Markel, K.E. Jr. editor No month available.
U.S. Department of Energy-Office of Fossil Energy (1987) No month available.
Hutchings et al., "Partial Oxidation of Methane Using O3,NO2 & O2, etc." Proceedings, 9th International Congress on Catalysis, Phillips et al. Eds. vol. 2, pp. 923-929 No month/yr. available.
"IGR Uses 1-Volt Attack on SOx, NOx", pp. 5-6, Coal & Sunfuels Tech. (1988) No month available.
Haggin (1), "Oxidative Coupling Routes for Methane Proposed", p. 30, reporting presentation at 1989 International Chem. Congress of Pacific Basin Society in Honolulu, Hawaii Dec. 1989, C&EN, (1990) No month available.
Haggin (II) "Maximizing Yield of C2 Products from Methane", p. 35, reporting presentation at 1989 Int. Chem. Congress Pacific Basin Society in Hawaii, C&EN (1990) No month available.
Pujare N.U., et al. "Methane Activation of C.sub.2 Hydrocarbon Species in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell", pp. 2544-2545, vol. 135, No. 10, Journal of the Electrochemical Society (1988) No month available.
Teraoka, Y. et al., "Development of Oxygen Semipermeable Membrane Using Mixed Conductive Perovskite-Type Oxides (Part 2)-Preparation of Dense Film", pp. 523-529, Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan, Int. Ed. (1989) No month available.
Teraoka, Y. et al, "Effect of Cation Substitution on the Oxygen Semi-Permeability of Perovskite-Type Oxides", pp. 503-506, The Chemical Society of Japan (1988) No month available.
Teraoka, Y. et al, "Oxygen Permeation Through Perovskite-Type Oxides", pp. 1743-1746, Chemistry Letters, Chem. Soc. Japan (1985) No month available.
Teraoka, Y. et al., "Development of Oxygen Semipermeable Membrane Using Mixed Conductive Perovskite-Type Oxides (Part 1)", pp. 458-462, vol. 97, Journal Ceramic Society Japan, INT. Ed. (1989) No month available.
Patent Abstract of Japan, vol. 12, No. 426 (C-542) 3273, Nov. 10, 1988, JP-A-63156515 (Matsushita Electric Ind. Co.) Jun. 29, 1988.
Patent Abstract of Japan, vol. 10, No. 117, May 2, 1986, p. 19 E400, JP-A-60,250,565 (Asahi Glass K.K.) Nov. 12, 1985.
Patent Abstract of Japan, vol. 10, No. 182 (C536-2238, Jun. 25, 1986, JP-A-61,030,688 (Idemitsu Kosan Co.) Feb. 12, 1986.
Patent Abstract of Japan, vol. 5, No. 75 (C-55), May 19, 1996, JP-A-56024020, (Teijin K.K.) Jul. 3, 1981.
Cable Thomas L.
Frye, Jr. John G.
Kliewer Wayne R.
Mazanec Terry J.
Bell Bruce F.
Esposito Michael F.
Mehosky Brian L.
The Standard Oil Company
Untener David J.
LandOfFree
Solid multi-component membranes, electrochemical reactor compone does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Solid multi-component membranes, electrochemical reactor compone, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Solid multi-component membranes, electrochemical reactor compone will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-798308