Rotary expansible chamber devices – Working member has planetary or planetating movement – Helical working member – e.g. – scroll
Patent
1991-09-03
1996-05-28
Vrablik, John J.
Rotary expansible chamber devices
Working member has planetary or planetating movement
Helical working member, e.g., scroll
418 555, 418 57, 418142, F04C 1804, F04C 2700
Patent
active
055205267
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to supply of oil to a bearing portion of a scroll compressor, a fluid path relating to it and passing through the back side portion of a scroll member and an apparatus for reducing an excessively compressed load generated due to the fluid and the fluid path.
BACKGROUND ART
A scroll compressor possessing low vibration and noise characteristics is arranged in such a manner that a suction chamber is disposed on the outer portion thereof, a discharge port is formed at the central portion of the spiral and the compressed fluid flows in a single direction. Therefore, a discharge valve for compressing the fluid, which has been conventionally provided for a reciprocating type compressors or a rotary type compressors, can be eliminated from the structure, and a constant compression ratio can be realized. Furthermore, the discharge pulsation can be reduced depending upon the operational conditions of the compressor and a necessity of having a large discharge space can be eliminated. Therefore, the development and application of the scroll compressor to a variety of fields in terms of the practical use have been made.
However, since its compression chamber must have a multiplicity of sealing portions, it suffers from an excessively large leakage quantity of the compressed fluid. In particular, it is necessary for a small discharge capacity type scroll compressor for use as a home air conditioning refrigerant compressor to extremely improve the dimensional accuracy of the spiral portion in order to minimize the gap in the compression portion from which the leakage will take place. However, the complicated shapes of the parts and the dimensional deviations of the spiral portion raise the cost of the scroll gas compressor, and uniform performance cannot easily be realized. In particular, the gas leakage cannot be easily prevented when the compressor is being operated at low speed because of the too long compression time. Therefore, there arises a problem that the compression efficiency is unsatisfactory in comparison to that obtainable from the reciprocating type compressors and the rotary type compressor.
In order to overcome the above-described problems, the dimensional accuracy of the spiral portion is made to be at a proper level and the compression efficiency is improved by the oil film seal effect by utilizing lubricating oil in order to prevent the gas leakage which will take place during the compression operation. As disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-8386, a proper quantity of lubricating oil is injected into the compression chamber, which is performing the compression operation, so as to seal the gaps of the compression chamber with the film of the lubricating oil so as to overcome the above-described problems.
In particular, the scroll refrigerant compressors have been put into practical use in a refrigerating and air conditioning fields. Therefore, medium to large size compressors such as a package air conditioner and a tiller unit and the like having a relatively large refrigerant capacity per one suction process have been already mass-produced.
FIG. 1 illustrates a structure arranged for the purpose of reducing the fluid leakage from the compressor chamber in such a manner that fluid of an intermediate pressure level introduced from outside the compressor via a fluid path 1130 is urged against the back side of a rotary scroll 1130 so as to push the rotary scroll 1130 toward a fixed scroll 1110. Furthermore, spiral seal members 1117, 1118 (1145, 1180) urged by springs 1170 and 1181 are fastened to a spiral groove 1146 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) formed at the front portions of the spiral wraps 1132 and 1116 of the two scrolls. As a result, the portion between a surface 1133 of an end plate 1131 of the rotary scroll 1130 and the front portion of a wrap 1116 of the fixed scroll 1110 and a portion between a surface 1136 of an end plate 1111 of the fixed scroll 1110 and a front portion 1149 of a lap 1132 of the rotary scroll 1130 are respectively sealed (spec
REFERENCES:
patent: 3994636 (1976-11-01), McCullough et al.
patent: 4604039 (1986-08-01), Terauchi
patent: 4968232 (1990-11-01), Kikuchi
Matsushita Electric - Industrial Co., Ltd.
Vrablik John J.
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