Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture – Methods – Surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
Patent
1985-01-04
1986-09-23
Ball, Michael
Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
Methods
Surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
29611, 1562739, 1563031, 1563797, 156440, H06B 300
Patent
active
046133909
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention is concerned with a method for the preparation of a band, sheet, foil, fabric, mesh or a similar plastic layer that is heatable by means of an electric resistance wire.
The invention is also concerned with an apparatus for the application of the method.
A sheet or hand heatable by means of an electric resistance wire and prepared by means of the method meant in the present invention can be used as such or as cut-off to primary elements of appropriate size for most varied purposes. They may be used as coated with a layer or layers of cloth in or on, e.g., seats, in particular car seats, covers, clothes, e.g. diver's suits, gloves, shoes, etc. for heating them and for other, corresponding purposes. The elements are heated by means of the resistance wires contained therein by means of electric current, preferably a low-voltage current.
The method of preparation meant in the invention is in particular characterized in that, having been heated by means of electric current, the resistance wire is pressed into the said plastic layer consisting of a thermoplastic when this layer is partly softened or molten by the effect of the hot wire at the wire and that the wire then remains inside the plastic when the plastic is again cooled and receives its former state, whereinafter, when the resistance wire is heated to an appropriate extent by means of electric current, while the plastic does not become excessively soft and while the resistance wire remains in it, the plastic layer can be used for heating the desired objects.
The apparatus in accordance with the invention is characterized in that the apparatus comprises a drum and a roll pressing against the drum, the plastic layer being fed to between the drum and the roll, whereat the resistance wire heated by means of electric current is pressed into the plastic.
An embodiment of the invention will be described in the following with reference to the attached drawings. They are schematical illustrations:
FIG. 1, of an apparatus for carrying out the method as viewed from behind,
FIG. 2, of the same as FIG. 1, but as a side view,
FIG. 3, of the apparatus on an enlarged scale as a partial sectional view,
FIG. 4, of a part taken apart from the apparatus, and
FIG. 5, of an element band manufactured in accordance with the method.
The product shown in FIG. 5 is a band of uniform width, of a thickness, e.g., of 1 mm or less and of a width, e.g., of 5 to 10 cm. The material of the band is of a flexible thermoplastic plastic, as solid or perforated. It may also be of a mesh structure, whereat the area of the meshes or openings in the net is, e.g., about one half or more than one half of the overall area of the net. The meshes in the net may be small, e.g. about 1 to 2 sq. mm.
Into the band, a thin resistance wire 2 has been pressed as hot, the said wire winding back and forth in the band 1 in the way shown in FIG. 5. The resistance wire may be thin, e.g. .phi. about 0.1 mm or less. Out of the continuous element band meant in FIG. 1, it is possible to make primary elements by cutting it into pieces of appropriate length, for being placed into the object of heating. Several primary elements may be connected electrically in parallel, and the supply of current into the resistance wires can be arranged, e.g., from a transformer, from a rectifier, from an accumulator, or from a battery via supply conductors common for the primary elements. Owing to the low voltage (e.g., 12 to 24 V), the connections do not require particular protections, and the heat that is generated does not melt the plastic.
The resistance wires for the primary element may also be manufactured of an appropriate iron alloy, besides the usual metal alloys used for this purpose in prior art, in which case their cost is more favourable than the cost of wires made of a manganese alloy or equivalent. When an alloy of iron is used, a favourable dependence on the temperature is obtained for the resistance wire: An increase in temperature increases the resistance value of the primary element and, with constant-
REFERENCES:
patent: 2548467 (1951-04-01), Crise
patent: 2613306 (1952-10-01), Woltersdorf et al.
patent: 3594256 (1971-07-01), Schuller et al.
patent: 3659338 (1972-05-01), McFarlane
patent: 3954547 (1976-05-01), Genthner
patent: 3964959 (1976-06-01), Adams
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