Gas separation – Deflector – Parallel and continuous nonplanar members
Patent
1997-12-10
1999-10-26
Smith, Duane S.
Gas separation
Deflector
Parallel and continuous nonplanar members
55464, B01D 4508
Patent
active
059720620
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a device for separating droplets from a gaseous stream and/or for heat and mass transfer. It consists of parallel flow channels that provide a deflection at least capable of inducing separation.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Devices of this type that provide droplet separation already exist. The flow channels in this device demonstrate a more or less weak deflection in the inlet area followed by a stronger deflection in the mid section, capable of inducing separation. This is followed by an outlet section, in which a further deflection aligns the flow of the gaseous outlet from the separator parallel to the flow of the inlet gases.
Many types of separator use this basic concept, and each of them has its own emphasis. For example, the separator patented in DE 39 01 656 C2 has zigzag channel walls to improve the primary separation. In the same way, the separator patented in DE 34 06 425 A1 has a droplet acceleration section, which raises the inlet velocity of the two-phase mixture, thereby raising the centrifugal force in the deflection. The shape of the separator patented in DE 42 14 094 C1 is such that the angle of impact of separated droplets on the separator wall is as large as possible, thus lowering the separator's tendency to reflux. There are also separators with drainage grooves that divert the all film into special zones to increase the drainage capacity and re-entrainment velocity.
The above mentioned types of separator--hereafter referred to as conventional separators--have one characteristic in common, and this is that their flow channels only provide deflection in the x, z plane. These types of separator provide no flow deflection along the y axis. Another characteristic that these separators have in common is that the most effective deflection angle in their flow channels is around 90.degree.+/-10.degree.. With these types of separator designs, this angle represents a sensible compromise between good primary separation, which is known to increase with an increasing angle of deflection, and the drainage requirements of the flow channels. As the deflection angle increases and the walls of the flow channels become more perpendicular to the direction of the gravitational force, drainage becomes more difficult. This is because the sloping force, which is the drainage driving force, becomes increasingly weaker.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide an improved separation device that is not subject to the above mentioned restrictions to the deflection angle.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This object is achieved by providing an arrangement of flow channels whose deflection occurs in three dimensions, and where all plane sections parallel to the inlet plane are identical if the wall thickness is ignored. Additionally, tangents drawn to the edges of the channel sections lying in this plane are parallel to one another at corresponding points. Helical flow channels exhibit these three-dimensional deflection characteristics, and are thus the form preferred by this invention. The deflection angles provided by this form are no longer subject to physical limits. The only limitation is the finite flow depth of the device. If the dimensions of the conventional droplet separators used to date are adhered to, this design provides a deflection angle of nearly 720.degree..
In order to sensibly orient the three-dimensionally curved flow channels adjacent to one another, this invention provides cross sections parallel to the inlet plane x, y of the device, which, if the wall thickness is ignored, are identical along the length of the separator. Another important characteristic of this invention is that these cross sections,--also referred to as horizontal sections--can be shifted with zero rotation to fit flush with one another. Tangents then drawn to the edges of each channel with zero rotation to fit flush with one another. Tangents then drawn to the edges of each channel section in this plane are then parallel to each other at corresp
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Dubno Herbert
Smith Duane S.
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