Internal-combustion engines – Precombustion and main combustion chambers in series – Having fluid whirling means
Patent
1981-08-06
1984-02-28
Lazarus, Ira S.
Internal-combustion engines
Precombustion and main combustion chambers in series
Having fluid whirling means
123268, 123279, 123275, 123290, 123286, F02B 1918, F02B 3100
Patent
active
044336470
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention concerns an internal combustion engine comprising at least one combustion chamber, a corresponding piston, a spherical or ovoid turbulence chamber hereinafter sometimes referred to as a chamber having a revolution of symmetry about an axis, present in the cylinder head at the upper end of the combustion chamber and a compressed gas ignition means mounted in the wall of the the turbulence chamber. Otto type engines comprising a turbulence chamber provided in the cylinder head above the combustion chamber are known. By way of an example, German patent application No. 2624211 published on Dec. 15, 1977 describes an engine comprising a turbulence chamber appreciably of a revolution ellipsoid form, communicating with the combustion chamber by a tubular pipe. The French patent application published on Oct. 19, 1979 under No. 2420033, now Brevet D'Invention No. 7836899, describes an engine of the same type comprising an opening communicating through an elongated channel with the upper part of the combustion chamber. German patent application No. 2542942 published on Aug. 26, 1976 before examination describes an internal combustion engine comprising a turbulence chamber present in the cylinder head between the combustion chamber and the exhaust valve.
All these devices attempt to promote better homogeneity of the combustible mixture containing a surplus of air. It is known that an increase of the rate of compression and the surplus of air in a combustible mixture produces improved performance of an internal combustion engine and allows a considerable reduction in the percentage of toxic components in the exhaust gas. This is due essentially to improved combustion and results, in a known manner, in a considerable reduction in fuel consumption.
The present invention proposes a perfection of this type of engine which improves the homogeneity of the mixture, allowing the same to function function at a very high rate of compression and further reduces fuel consumption.
The present invention is characterized in that the turbulence chamber may be connected to the combustion chamber by at least one channel provided in the cylinder head opening at a tangent at the base of the turbulence chamber narrowing down, in a manner to provide a better flow of the combustible mixture entering the chamber, and to release an ordinate cyclonic turbulence of this mixture around the symmetry axis of the chamber.
According to an exemplary embodiment, an internal combustion four-stroke engine comprises two tangential channels communicating with the entry of the turbulence chamber, each one of these channels having its origin immediately next to the inlet valve, the exhaust valve and narrowing down to open at a tangent along the wall of the turbulence chamber immediately next to the entrance opening of this chamber. The depth of the channels is appreciably in inverse progression with respect to the width thereof. The channels preferably have a greater depth along their concave edge than along their convex edge. These different dispositions allow an accelerated flow of the mixture and a flow opening at a tangent to the interior of the turbulence chamber. Additionally the flow is slightly inclined in the direction of the bottom of the chamber. These characteristics propagate a helicoidal circulation in the interior of the turbulence chamber.
According to a particular embodiment of the present invention, the ignition means is mounted on one of the walls of the turbulence chamber and fuel injection means is mounted at the closed end of the turbulence chamber substantially along an extension of the longitudinal axis of the chamber. This particular disposition causes a stratification of the mixture to be obtained, i.e. a concentration of the part which is the richest in fuel at the top of the turbulence chamber. The configuration permits the compression rate of the engine to increase considerably and consequently greatly increased performance is attained.
The present invention will be better understood with reference to the d
REFERENCES:
patent: 1645423 (1927-10-01), Haibe
patent: 1729972 (1929-10-01), Horning
patent: 3230939 (1966-01-01), Goossak
patent: 3244158 (1966-04-01), Steidler
patent: 4005684 (1977-02-01), Habu
patent: 4038952 (1977-08-01), Nagano
patent: 4183343 (1980-01-01), Tanahashi et al.
patent: 4232637 (1980-11-01), Pichard
Bailey R. S.
Lazarus Ira S.
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