Surgery – Respiratory method or device – Inhaled gas heated or humidified by exhaled gas
Patent
1993-01-15
1995-07-25
Ahser, Kimberly L.
Surgery
Respiratory method or device
Inhaled gas heated or humidified by exhaled gas
12820417, 12820316, 12820317, A62B 1808, A62B 700, A61M 1610, F24J 300
Patent
active
054352983
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to an artificial nose device.
Artificial noses are devices which are incorporated in a duct between a patient and a machine, usually known as a ventilator, in order to allow the patient to recuperate a portion of the moisture and heat comprised in his exhaled air. Artificial noses are mainly used for anesthesia and/or for artificial respiration, such artificial noses including a buffer, i.e. the moisture exchanger element, generally called HME. An example of such an artificial nose is described in FFR-A-2304359.
In many cases, such a device is not sufficient for maintaining the humidity and the temperature on the desired level.
Indeed, different types of artificial noses have the very series drawback of involving, in the most advantageous circumstances, a moisture and heat loss of about 30%. The temperature of gas supplied to the patient can be raised by means of an electrically-heated delivery hose of the kind described in EP-A-0201985 but such a hose is relatively expensive and not, therefore, suitable for single-use as generally preferred.
Therefore, an object of the invention is to prescribe a device which solves the hereabove mentioned problem in a reliable way and which assures therefore the required humidity and temperature level of the air and/or mixture of air and gasses supplied to the patient, whatever may be the shortcomings of the artificial nose which is also known in the technical jargon as "heat moisture exchanger or HME".
In order to realize this according to the invention, the device according to the invention is provided to be incorporated in the duct for supplying air and/or gasses to a patient and is composed of a chamber used as actual artificial nose wherein a hygroscopic material serving as a buffer is provided, with means being provided to maintain the air in- and exhaled by the patient, at the required temperature level, between the artificial nose and the patient.
In the most advantageous embodiment, said means is an electrical resistance heater which is positioned at a distance from said hygroscopic material.
According to a possible embodiment, said electrical resistance heater is mounted in said chamber.
According to a possible variant, said electrical resistance heater is mounted outside said chamber, between this chamber and the patient.
It is advisable that said electrical resistance heater is enclosed within an external water-absorbent material and that means are provided for supplying water to this material.
According to a possible embodiment, said electrical resistance heater has e metal sleeve enclosed within an external water-absorbent material.
According to another possible embodiment, said resistance is composed of a textile, at least a part of the weft and/or warp threads of which consist of heating resistances.
Other details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a device for compensating for the moisture and heat losses from an artificial nose used with a patient according to the invention. This description is only given by way of example and does not limit the invention. The reference numerals relate to the annexed figures.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through the device according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is, on a larger scale, a side elevation view of a heating resistance according to a first possible embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view through a variant of the invention with disassembled components.
FIG. 4 is a front elevation view of a cross-section according to line IV-IV in FIG. 3 of a resistance according to a variant.
FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 show schematically three possible arrangements of a pump and a container with water in a device according to the invention.
The device according to FIG. 1 consists of a chamber 1 with two mouthpieces 2 and 3 which are connected to a not represented duct to a machine (a ventilator is usually meant here).
The function of an artificial nose (in the technical jargon usually called HME) has been described in broad outline in the introd
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Ahser Kimberly L.
Ponnet, Gilman en Anthony
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