Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Treatment by living organism
Patent
1992-01-16
1994-01-25
Upton, Christopher
Liquid purification or separation
Processes
Treatment by living organism
210619, 210151, 2101951, 210260, 210903, C02F 308, C02F 330
Patent
active
052813355
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the cleaning of waste water using a continuous biotechnological process.
Treatment of the waste water to be cleaned comprises the process-technological basic operations of substance transformation and separation. Hereby four task areas may be derived from each other: removal of organic substances (carbon decomposition), oxidative transformation of the inorganic nitrogen compounds ammonium and nitrite into nitrate (nitrification), transformation of the nitrate and nitrite, into gaseous nitrogen compounds (denitrification), and biological elimination of phosphorus without using external chemical precipitants.
In order to realize these tasks, special microorganisms which have the respectively needed special capabilities for substance transformation are used. These specialized microorganisms shall be present in a waste water treatment plant in the largest possible number in order to enable high substance transformation rates and thus efficient cleaning of the waste water.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Since waste water treatment plants are usually operated as open installations, the settlement of the necessary organism types cannot be preadjusted by addition of a starter culture. Rather, a large number of microorganisms are continuously supplied with the incoming waste water and from the surrounding atmosphere. Thus, a variety of microorganism types which occur simultaneously and combine in a biocenosis are always present.
In order to control the settlement of special types of organisms, to offer a propagation advantage to the desired types within the biocenosis, i.e. to increase their population strength, and thus to finally create the conditions for efficient waste water cleaning, selectively acting operating parameters must be set and maintained in several consecutive process steps.
Processes for biological waste water treatment are known in which the activated sludge that contains the required microorganisms in biocenosis is kept in a biologically closed system. During the so-called main stream process the activation basin is preceded by an anaerobic mixing basin for raw waste water and recycled activated sludge which has been separated from the cleaned waste water. In this anaerobic preliminary stage, phosphate is redissolved and is then accepted in the aerated activation basin by the bacteria to an increased extent and is removed from the system together with the excess sludge. Standard processes include in addition to biological phosphorus elimination, a stage during which nitrogen is decomposed.
The following summation parameters which relate respectively to a partial amount of contamination in the waste water are characteristic values for such biotechnological processes for waste water treatment: the solution. days. is fixated in ammonium.
The task of this invention is the description of a further developed process for biological waste water treatment which is characterized by higher denitrification performance, a smaller concentration of nitrogen and phosphate in the issue, and a lower critical BSB5/TKN ratio. The installations necessary for implementing the improved process shall also be made available.
According to the invention the task is solved by the process for biological waste water treatment in Claim 1. Hereby each of process steps a) and b) as well as e) to h) is already known per se. But the suggested process differs principally from main stream processes known in the past by the separation of the solution from the activated sludge following the anaerobic preliminary stage, the separate nitrification of the separated solution with a second chemolithotrophic biocenosis, as well as the subsequent remixing of the nitrified solution with the activated sludge whose chemoorganotrophic biocenosis is not subject to nitrification. In relation to nitrification, the denitrification stage follows later. Aeration of the denitrified biocenosis takes place either only after denitrification in a separate consecutive process step, or already in the denitr
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patent: 4421648 (1983-12-01), Besik
patent: 5073256 (1991-12-01), Sieksmeyer et al.
Creighton Wray James
Upton Christopher
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