Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps – With means for controlling casing or flow guiding means in... – Having specific features for water current
Patent
1996-10-18
1998-04-07
Kwon, John T.
Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
With means for controlling casing or flow guiding means in...
Having specific features for water current
415906, F03B 1312
Patent
active
057356653
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates in general to reaction hydraulic turbines used for converting the energy of a flowing stream into mechanical energy of a rotating shaft and, more particularly, to an improvement in the blade's configuration of such turbines for effectively reducing the hydraulic resistance acting on the blades of a turbine when the blades are put into or come out of water thus improving the operational efficiency of the reaction hydraulic turbines.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Different from gravity water wheels and impulse hydraulic turbines, reaction hydraulic turbines almost completely have nothing to do with the gravity head of water but convert the energy of a flow stream, for example, of the tides or a river into mechanical energy of a rotating shaft. A reaction hydraulic turbine is installed in a way such that the lower section of the runner is sunk in water so that the runner is rotated by the energy of a flowing stream in the same direction as the stream.
In typical reaction hydraulic turbines, the operational efficiency may be improved by either increasing the rotating force of the rotating shaft or by increasing the amount of water acting on the blades. In this case, the rotating force of the rotating shaft may be increased by enlarging the radius between the rim and rotating shaft of the runner, while the amount of water acting on the blades is increased by enlarging the vertical intersection area of each blade or by enlarging the width of the runner. In a typical reaction hydraulic turbine, the blades are radially attached to the rim of the runner. In this regard, the flowing stream of the tides or river meets at right angles with the blades at the lowermost portion of the runner in water so that the energy of the flowing stream may be effectively applied to the blades. However, the energy of the flowing stream does not act on the blades at portions of the runner where the runner is put into or come out of water. When the blades are put into or come out of water, the blades are parallel to the water surface so that a strong hydraulic resistance act on the blades. The hydraulic resistance acting on the blades in the above state regrettably offsets a part of the effective hydraulic energy obtained by the blades positioned at the lowermost portion of the runner. Therefore, the typical reaction turbines have inferior operational efficiency.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a reaction hydraulic turbine in which the above problems can be overcome and which has structurally-improved blades suitable for effectively reducing the hydraulic resistance acting on the blades when the blades are put into or come out of water thus improving the operational efficiency of the reaction hydraulic turbines.
In order to accomplish the above object, a reaction hydraulic turbine in accordance with the preferred embodiment of this invention comprises a longitudinal hermetic cylinder sided by opposite side panels of a circular shape and provided with an auxiliary panel of a circular shape transversely set in a middle portion of the cylinder, the cylinder having a radius of the ratio 4:5 to a radius of each side panel, and a plurality of regularly-spaced blades axially attached to the outer surface of the cylinder, each blade having an internal surface curved with a half-circle given by a diameter equal to a difference between the radius of each side panel and the radius of the cylinder and an external surface of a streamline curve extending from the tip of each blade on the circumcircle of each side panel to an inscribed circle of the cylinder within a distance equal to the pitch of the blades.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The above and other objects, features and other advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the confi
REFERENCES:
patent: 102939 (1870-05-01), Hubbard
patent: 1441955 (1923-01-01), Walker
patent: 5440175 (1995-08-01), Mayo, Jr. et al.
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