Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Treatment of hides – skins – feathers and animal tissues – Tanning
Patent
1983-01-18
1985-03-12
Tungol, Maria Parrish
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Treatment of hides, skins, feathers and animal tissues
Tanning
8 9429, C14C 304
Patent
active
045042713
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE ART
The present invention relates to the leather industry and, more specifically, to a leather tanning agent and to a process for making same.
The prior art tanning agents employed in the leather industry include chrome tanning agents and vegetable tanning agents comprising extracts of oak, spruce, willow, chestnut, quebracho, mimosa, and the like. The use of chromium is harmful for operating personnel, and causes environmental pollution. The use of vegetable tanning agents requires considerable amounts of vegetable raw materials, thus, also rendering damage to the environment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
Known in the art is a titanium tanning agent for hides comprising a double sulphate of titanyl and ammonium in the monohydrate form (NH.sub.4).sub.2 TiO(SO.sub.4).sub.2.H.sub.2 O (cf. USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 234598, Cl. 28a published in 1969). The use of titanium tanning agent eliminates the necessity of using vegetable tanning agents and considerably reduces the rate of consumption of chrome tanning agents. Titanium tanning agents make it possible to efficiently carry out the process of tanning hides. The hides acquire improved characteristics, but the temperature of tanned pelt shrinking does not reach the desired value.
Also known in the art is a zirconium leather tanning agent which, when compared to the titanium tanning agent, increases the temperature of tanned pelt shrinking (cf. A. I. Metelkin, N. I. Kolesnikova, E. V. Kuz'mina "Zirconium Tanning", 1972, "Legkaya Industriya" (Light Industry) Publishing House, Moscow, p. 220). However, the zirconium tanning agent is more expensive than the titanium tanning agent.
A tanning agent is also known, which contains both titanium and zirconium, the application of which results in an improved quality of leather (cf. USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 340702, Cl. 28a, 1972).
The process for the manufacture of this tanning agent comprises the steps of mixing two solutions: a solution containing a salt of titanium and a solution containing a salt of zirconium, whereafter the solutions are evaporated to dryness. This process involves increased power input.
SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a leather tanning agent that is superior to the prior art tanning agents (including titanium) in its properties and could be produced by a simple process using readily available reagents and mineral stock materials.
The objective of the invention is accomplished by providing a leather tanning agent incorporating sulphate of titanyl and ammonium, which, according to the present invention, contains the following components, in percent by weight:
______________________________________ sulphate of aluminum and ammonium
3 to 20
containing 0.001 to 1.0% of TiO.sub.2 or
TiO.sub.2 and ZrO.sub.2
and/or sulphate of zirconium and ammonium
20 to 50
containing 0.001 to 0.5% of TiO.sub.2
or TiO.sub.2 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3
and sulphate of titanyl and ammonium
containing of 0.001 to 1.0% of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3
and/or ZrO.sub.2 the balance.
______________________________________
The above-stated additives of TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 incorporated in the above-specified sulphates are present therein in a chemically combined state.
The tanning agent of such composition has the advantage that it enables effective tanning of hides so as to impart excellent physico-mechanical characteristics thereto.
The term "sulphate of ammonium and aluminum" is used here to denote a compound of the formula NH.sub.4 AL(SO.sub.4).sub.2.12H.sub.2 O, which contains chemically combined additives of TiO.sub.2 or TiO.sub.2 and ZrO.sub.2.
The term "sulphate of zirconium and ammonium" is used here to denote a compound of the formula (NH.sub.4).sub.2 Zr.sub.2 (OH).sub.5.(SO.sub.4).sub.2,5.H.sub.2 O, which contains chemically combined additives of TiO.sub.2 or TiO.sub.2 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.
The term "sulphate of titanyl and ammonium" is used to denote a compound of the formula (NH.sub.4).sub.2 TiO(SO.sub.4).sub.2.H.sub
REFERENCES:
patent: 3423162 (1969-01-01), Papayannis et al.
Fedorovna, administrator by Chibisova N.
Godneva Maria M.
Ivanovich, deceased Metelkin A.
Kolesnikova Nina I.
Motov David L.
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