Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Polymers from only ethylenic monomers or processes of...
Patent
1996-12-16
1998-04-14
Schofer, Joseph L.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Polymers from only ethylenic monomers or processes of...
5263184, C08F 2202, C08F 2010
Patent
active
057392412
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to vinyl formate copolymers, to processes for preparing them by copolymerizing vinyl formate in the presence of free-radical polymerization initiators, and to the use of the copolymers as additives in detergents and cleaners.
DISCUSSION OF THE BACKGROUND
U.S. Pat. No. 3,268,491 discloses a process for preparing copolymers of vinyl acetate and monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids by copolymerizing the monomers in an aqueous medium at pH 3-6 in the presence of redox catalysts. The oxidizing component of the redox system is preferably a persulfate, while the reducing component is a sulfite or a thiosulfate. The oxidizing component is always used in molar excess compared with the reducing component. The copolymers obtained are alternating.
EP-A-0 441 022 discloses copolymers of monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, which are prepared by copolymerizing from 3 to 25% by weight of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and from 75 to 97% by weight of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid and optionally carboxyl-free ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of water-soluble polymerization initiators, copper salts as polymerization moderator and a base. Vinyl acetate is mentioned as carboxyl-free ethylenically unsaturated monomer, but not exemplilied. However, the polymerization conditions described are observed to lead to considerable decomposition of the vinyl acetate or the formation of homopolymers of vinyl acetate.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,887,480 describes the preparation of terpolymers containing from 35 to 70 mol % of maleic acid, from 20 to 45 mol % of vinyl acetate and from 2 to 40 mol % of acrylic acid in an aqueous medium in the presence of from 18 to 40% by weight of persulfate and in the presence of bisulfite, persulfate being used in molar excess over bisulfite.
In the above-described processes, the ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids are at least partially neutralized, since otherwise excessive decomposition of the vinyl acetate would occur during the polymerization.
Since the vinyl formate is even quicker to hydrolyze than vinyl acetate, the preparation of copolymers of vinyl formate is much more difficult than the preparation of vinyl acetate copolymers.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide novel substances and to devise additives for detergents and cleaners.
We have found that this object is achieved according to the present invention by vinyl formate copolymers containing
(a) from 5 to 90 mol % of vinyl formate units,
(b) from 10 to 95 mol % of units of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids,
(c) from 0 to 70 mol % of units of monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, and
(d) from 0 to 30 mol % of units of other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers method of H. Fikentscher in 1% strength by weight aqueous Solution on the sodium salt of the copolymers at pH 7 and 25.degree. C.).
The present invention also provides a process for preparing vinyl formate copolymers by copolymerizing monomer mixtures of
(a) from 5 to 90 mol % of vinyl formate,
(b) from 10 to 95 mol % of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids,
(c) from 0 to 70 mol % of monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, and
(d) from 0 to 30 mol % of other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers free-radical polymerization initiators.
The present invention further provides for the use of the vinyl formate copolymers and of the vinyl alcohol copolymers obtainable therefrom by hydrolysis and/or oxidation as detergent and cleaner additives.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The monomer mixtures used for preparing the copolymers comprise vinyl formate as monomer of group (a) and at least one monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid as monomer of group (b). Said monomers (b) are derived for example from monoethylenically unsatur
REFERENCES:
patent: 4659793 (1987-04-01), Yang
patent: 4725655 (1988-02-01), Denzinger et al.
Baur Richard
Boeckh Dieter
Denzinger Walter
Funhoff Angelika
Kistenmacher Axel
BASF - Aktiengesellschaft
Sarofin N.
Schofer Joseph L.
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