Surgery – Instruments – Cutting – puncturing or piercing
Patent
1991-12-02
1994-03-01
Burr, Edgar S.
Surgery
Instruments
Cutting, puncturing or piercing
606170, 606206, A61B 1728
Patent
active
052903028
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a surgical instrument and more particularly to an improved surgical instrument of the kind requiring actuation of a handpiece to cause movement of functional parts of the instrument which are mounted on a spindle and are thus remote from the handpiece. The invention is particularly concerned with such instruments as forceps, scissors and clamps of the kind used in performing micro surgical operations, for example, on the eye but of course any other type of surgical instrument having moving parts at the remote end thereof could incorporate the invention.
Surgical instruments in which actuation is achieved by squeezing parts of the instrument between the fingers of the surgeon have been developed and while they improve the ability of the surgeon to manipulate the rotational position of the end of the instrument while actuating the instrument, the drive mechanisms and pivotal arrangements of the actuating elements of the instruments have thus far not been altogether satisfactory.
For example, instruments wherein the spindle comprises co-axial shafts are known. In these the shafts are caused to slide axially relative to each other and a split-collett arrangement at the tip causes movement of the jaws. Whilst such an arrangement has the advantage that the jaws more symmetrically there is a problem in that intra ocular fluids enter the tip and cause binding of the mechanism due to corrosion if not cleaned away immediately after surgery. In addition protein could coagulate inside the mechanism and would eventually damage the working thereof if not cleaned away completely. The cleaning operation is complex and time-consuming if done properly and if not done properly the useful life of the instrument is severely curtailed.
One of the present applicant's earlier attempts to provide an improved surgical instrument of the kind in question involved co-axial shafts having relative rotary movement to cause operation of the jaws and whilst the rotary shafts overcame the problem of cleaning because there is no access for fluids into the spindle, only one of the jaws moves in this arrangement and this fact causes other problems for the surgeon. With only one jaw moving it is often the case that the surgeon, in the performance of a delicate operation, forgets which is the moving and which is the fixed jaw with the undesirable consequence that the material being cut or held may be moved transversely during an operation. consequently this earlier attempt was deemed unsatisfactory and was abandoned without publication.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved surgical instrument which avoids or overcomes one or more of the disadvantages of existing surgical instruments of the kind in question.
Accordingly the invention provides a surgical instrument including a handpiece comprising two parts connected for relative movement towards and away from each other, a spindle extending from said handpiece to a functional tip comprising jaw members at an end of the spindle remote from said handpiece, said spindle comprising coaxial shafts each connected to a respective handpiece part and a respective jaw member whereby said relative movement of the handpiece parts causes, via said shafts, relative movement of said jaw members towards or away from each other, characterized in that, said handpiece is of generally cylindrical configuration split longitudinally to provide said two parts which are connected, towards one end thereof, for symmetrical pivotal movement towards each other under pressure from the user and away from each other under internal bias whereby said symmetrical movement of the handpiece parts causes symmetrical movement of said jaw members by causing rotation of said shafts in opposite directions.
In order that the invention may be more readily understood one particular embodiment will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a surgical instrument according to the invention with jaw members excluded;
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Burr Edgar S.
Hilten John S.
The University of Melbourne
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