Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series – Organic compounds – Heavy metal containing
Patent
1991-08-02
1993-04-06
Prescott, Arthur C.
Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series
Organic compounds
Heavy metal containing
C07F 722
Patent
active
052005402
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of Invention
This invention relates, generally, to process for producing organic tetravalent tin polyhalide. More particularly, it relates to a method for refining a mixture of tin halides to obtain a higher yield of the desirable tin polyhalides. The organic tetravalent tin polyhalides are useful as starting materials as a stabilizer for polyvinyl polymers, as polymerization catalyst for the production of polyurethane, and as a builder of a coating film of tin oxide on glass, ceramics, and metals.
2. Description Of Related Art
The commonly know aluminum process in which stannic chloride reacts with alkyl aluminum, the commonly known Grignard Process in which the Grignard regent reacts with stannic chloride, and the commonly known Direct Process in which achyliodide directly reacts with metallic tin have been known as the prior art production methods for producing organic tetravalent tin polyhalides, that is the tin compound whose valence is 4, rather that 2. In both the Aluminum Process and the Grignard Process the corresponding chlorides are formed as intermediate compounds, and in the Direct Process the corresponding iodide is also formed as a intermediate.
For example, dialkyl tin dichloride, one of the polyhalides which can be synthesized by Alkyl Aluminum or Grignard process via tetraalkyl tin (IV) as an intermediate, is disproportionately reacted with equimolecular stannic chloride. Dialkyl tin (IV) diiodide can be synthesized by the Direct Method in which alkyl iodide and metallic tin are reacted with metallic magnesium and alcohol as a catalyst. However, the dialkyl tin (IV) dihalide synthesized by these methods always contains significant amounts of trialkyl tin monohalide and monoalkyl tin trihalide as by-products.
Therefore, it is desirable to eliminate organic tin monohalides from its corresponding polyhalides because it is well known that organic tin monohalides commonly higher toxic than its corresponding polyhalides.
It may be possible to reduce the organic tin monohalide contained in organic tin polyhalide by addition and heating treatment with excess anhydrous stannic chloride for the monohalide and, as a catalyzer, aluminum chloride. However, this process is very expensive and difficult, because of its non-selectivity of the reaction and the disposal requirement for hydroxides formed from stannic chloride involved in the main reaction and from aluminum chloride. Additionally, the monohalide is difficult to eliminate from monoalkyl tin polyhalide by distillation because the boiling point is too close in each other. There are no prior methods reported to eliminate economically a small content of trialkyl tetravalent tin monohalide from monoalkyl tetravalent tin trihalide and dialkyl tetravalent tin dihalide which are similarly synthesized.
Although a decomposition reaction from organic tin monohalide to the polyhalide by hydrochloric acid or chlorine was described in Metal-Organic Compound, item 208 or Chemical Review Vol. 60, item 483, no example to eliminate organic tin monohalide in the polyhalide is shown.
3. Summary of the Invention
This invention relates to a process of treating organic tetravalent tin polyhalide which contains organic tetravalent tin monohalide with hydrochloric acid, hydrogen chloride or chlorine for refining organic tin polyhalide, to selectively decompose and transform organic tetravalent tin monohalide to organic tetravalent tin polyhalide. Furthermore, the reaction efficiency of the present invention can be remarkably improved by the addition of Lewis acid.
Illustrative equations for the reaction between organic tin monohalide and hydrochloric acid, hydrogen chloride or chlorine in this invention are as follows: organic tetravalent tin dihalides and organic tetravalent tin trihalides are co-produced with organic tetravalent tin polyhalides in the invention.
Dibutyl tin dichloride, dibutyl tin diiodide, di-butyl tin dibromide, dioctyl tin dichloride, dioctyl tin diiodide, dioctyl tin dibromide, diphenyl tin dichloride and di
Den Naruo
Fujita Toshinao
Suzuki Yasuyuki
Watanabe Yuji
Koriyama Kasei Co., Ltd.
Mason, Jr. Joseph C.
Oujevolk George B.
Prescott Arthur C.
Smith Ronald E.
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