Optical: systems and elements – Compound lens system – With image recorder
Patent
1997-08-04
1999-06-15
Henry, Jon
Optical: systems and elements
Compound lens system
With image recorder
359372, 348 49, 348 79, G02B 2118, G02B 2122, G02B 2136
Patent
active
059127635
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a stereomicroscope according to claim 1.
Stereomicroscopes which have geometric superimposition and/or an essentially common beam path for the right and left partial image are already known. These known stereomicroscopes have the advantage that only one magnification unit (zoom, lens turret) is necessary for two stereomicroscope beam paths. Correspondingly, mutual adjustment of the left and right optical systems is also dispensed with.
In order to prevent light from both the partial images passing simultaneously to the common image pick-up device, use is made, for example, of variously polarized light for the two partial images, so that a polarization-dependent beam splitter in each case permits the desired partial image or light with the desired polarization to pass to the image pick-up device. Solutions of this type are complicated and severely attenuate the light intensity in an undesired manner. In order to reduce only minimally the light intensity of the two partial images passing alternately to the image pick-up device, solutions have been developed in which a moving reflective surface alternately introduces a partial image into the common beam path and covers the other (cf. CH Patent Application No. 1525/94-0) However, moving mirrors have the disadvantage that the precise alignment of the same is impaired as a result of the mobility, and that the inertial forces acting on the movement device are so high because of the mirror mass that the movement device has to be designed and fastened in a rugged manner.
The object according to the invention consists then in finding a beam superimposing arrangement which, using simple components and having as small a light loss as possible, supplies the left and the right partial image to an image pick-up device through a common optical system in an undistorted manner.
The solution according to the invention provides that the two stereoscopic partial beam paths, or the left and the right beam path, have spatially at least partially separate partial pupils, at least in a partial region of the common beam path. To this end, preferably directly after the main objective as viewed from the object the two partial beam paths, which essentially run parallel to each other, are deflected along a common axis by at least two mirrors. The arrangement of the mirrors is selected in such a way that, from the two partial beams or from their partial pupils, having centers of gravity to the side of the axis of the common beam path, bundles of light which are spatially separated in pupil planes propagate in the common beam path. From the mirrors, at most the light of half the pupil of each partial beam is introduced into the common beam path.
To make only the light of one partial beam path come to an image pick-up device it is necessary to use neither a beam splitter nor a rotating mirror, but merely a separating device having at least one movable diaphragm, or at least one deflecting mirror which is essentially fixed or adjustable, for example along the common axis. The at least one movable diaphragm has to cover the partial beams alternately, so that one partial beam is essentially completely interrupted as long as an appreciable proportion of light from the other beam path is passing through the diaphragm. To this end, said diaphragm is arranged either in the region having separate partial beam paths, or else in the common beam path in regions of pupil planes. Correspondingly, in the case of embodiments having at least one deflecting mirror, at least one of these mirrors is arranged in one pupil plane in such a way that a partial beam path is coupled out of the common optical system or of the common beam path. Since the pupil planes can be displaced during the adjustment of the common optical system, a control means and an adjusting device are preferably provided, which ensure that the diaphragm or the deflecting mirror is located essentially in one pupil plans in the common beam path.
Since the partial pupils or the bundles of light of the partial beams ar
REFERENCES:
patent: 5835264 (1998-11-01), Tandler et al.
Henry Jon
Leica Mikroskopie Systeme AG
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