Excavating – Scoop or excavating and transporting container – Dipper-type
Patent
1996-08-06
1998-01-27
Melius, Terry Lee
Excavating
Scoop or excavating and transporting container
Dipper-type
37466, 414694, E02F 332
Patent
active
057110964
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a working machine of a hydraulic backhoe, and more particularly to a backhoe type working machine of a hydraulic shovel for use in excavation and other works.
BACKGROUND ART
Heretofore, as shown in FIG. 18, a hydraulic backhoe 50 has a bucket 7 as one kind of working member which is attached to a leading end of an arm 2. When starting work such as excavation, an arm rotational angle .theta. with respect to a boom 1 is maximized so that a-blade tip 8 of the bucket 7 has a greater maximum working height H. The blade tip force produced by the hydraulic backhoe 50 when the arm 2 rotates will now be described with reference to FIGS. 19 and 20. A working machine 53 comprises a boom 1, an arm 2, a bucket 7, an arm cylinder 4, and so on. Assuming that the distance from a pin 3 to a leading end of the bucket 7 is R, the distance from the pin 3 to a pin 6 is r, the thrust of the arm cylinder 4 is F.sub.0, and the length of a vertical line from the pin 3 to a center axis of the arm cylinder 4 (the radius of moment of rotation) is L, the blade tip force F.sub.E of the bucket 7 produced upon extension of the arm cylinder 4 while the boom 1 is kept not swung is expressed by: expressed by: F.sub.Emax is produced, i.e., the angle through which the arm 2 rotates from a position corresponding to the minimum stroke of the arm cylinder 4 to a position corresponding to the radius L.sub.max of maximum moment of rotation is assumed to be .phi.. In a graph of FIG. 22, a curve Q represents the relationship between the blade tip force F.sub.E and the arm rotational angle .theta. with the horizontal axis representing the arm rotational angle .theta. and the vertical axis representing the blade tip force F.sub.E of the bucket 7. At .theta.=.phi. (point Qb), the blade tip force F.sub.E is maximized. On the other hand, the start of excavation (.theta.4) where the arm rotational angle .theta. is large corresponds to the position of a point Qa, and the end of excavation (.theta.2) where the arm rotational angle .theta. is small corresponds to the position of a point Qc. At either point, the blade tip force F.sub.E is reduced to a large extent.
However, because the working machine 53 of the above structure comprises three articulated members, i.e., the boom 1, the arm 2 and the arm cylinder 4, there is a problem that the rotational angle of the arm 2 is necessarily restricted and the excavation force and the working range are both not sufficient at a maximum working reach. To improve working efficiency of a hydraulic backhoe at its maximum working reach, therefore, it is required to increase the arm rotational angle .theta. and enlarge the working range from E0 to E1 as shown in FIG. 22. It is also required to increase the blade tip force F.sub.E on the angular side giving a higher arm level (namely at the arm rotational angle .theta.4) where the excavation is started with the maximum working reach, i.e., the blade tip force F.sub.E at the point Qa on the curve Q. Furthermore, while the blade tip force F.sub.E is maximized (at the point Qb) at the arm rotational angle .theta. being equal to .phi., the blade tip force F.sub.E at the point Qc (namely the arm rotational angle .theta.2) on the angular side giving a lower arm level where the excavation is ended requires that it will not reduce abruptly.
As another prior art, there is known a working machine wherein an arm and a boom are coupled to each other by a 4-articulated-link mechanism as shown in FIG. 23 (see, e.g., Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-15637). A boom 1 of this working machine has a pin 43 as a first fulcrum provided at its leading end and a pin 46 as a fourth fulcrum provided near the leading end. The boom 1 is coupled at the pin 43 to one end of an arm 2 and at the pin 46 to one end of a first link 42. Also, an arm cylinder 4 is coupled to the other end of the first link 42 through a pin 45 as a third fulcrum. A pin 44 as a second fulcrum is provided at another end of the arm 2 on the same side as but different fro
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Ekawa Tadashi
Kobayashi Takeshi
Shiomoto Yuji
Sugiyama Kiyoshi
Tomozaki Haruo
Batson Victor
Komatsu Ltd.
Melius Terry Lee
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