Polishes and their use

Details Polishes and their use Polishes and their use

2003-05-06

2004-12-14

Brunsman, David (Department: 1755)

Compositions: coating or plastic

Coating or plastic compositions

Polishes

C106S271000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06830609

ABSTRACT:

The present invention relates to polishes. In particular, the present invention relates to furniture polishes for porous surfaces, such as wood surfaces, the polishes having good gloss and water protection properties.
Wood products such as furniture are popular and are present in the majority of households. Because of the nature and the expense of wood furniture, furniture polishes are widely used to clean and polish the furniture to protect it and prolong the life of the wood.
Preferable qualities of furniture polishes are that they should give a good gloss to the surface on which they are applied, that they should not give smear marks which are detrimental to the appearance of furniture and that they should remove dust and dirt from the surface. In addition, the polishes should be easy to use and not require excessive effort to polish the surface to give a shine.
In addition to the above, it has for some time now been desirous to include water resistant ingredients in furniture polishes to prevent water marks, such as water rings, from forming on an item of wood furniture, for example, when a cold drink is placed on the furniture.
The addition of ingredients which improve the water penetration resistance of a furniture polish often result in detrimental effects on the other desired properties of the polish. For example, increasing the wax or silicone oil content may lead to increased smearing on the surface on the wood, and make the polish difficult to use.
A need exists for a furniture polish for porous surfaces, such as wood surfaces, which polish provides good water resistance whilst at the same time providing good smear resistance, gloss and ease of use properties.
To our considerable surprise we have determined that employing certain waxes in admixture results in a furniture polish able to meet these requirements. Furthermore, we have determined that such waxes may be present in appreciable amounts, with advantage.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a polish comprising a solvent, paraffin wax in an amount of from 0.3-4.5% w/w and microcrystalline wax in an amount of from 0.05-1% w/w.
The polish may suitably also include beeswax.
Paraffin waxes generally have a macrocrystalline structure and consist largely of n-alkanes of formula C
20
H
42
and upwards, with some iso- and cycloalkanes.
Microcrystalline waxes, generally produced from heavy lubricating oil residues, have a microcrystalline structure and consist largely of iso- and cycloalkanes, with some aromatics.
Beeswax is usually a mixture of myricyl palmitate, cerotic acid and esters, and some paraffins.
Preferably, the total amount of waxes present in the polish is at least 0.4% w/w, more preferably at least 0.8% w/w, most preferably at least 1.0% w/w, and especially at least 1.2% w/w. Preferably, the total amount of waxes present in the polish is up to 5% w/w, more preferably up to 3% w/w, most preferably up to 2% w/w, and especially up to 1.6% w/w.
Preferably, the amount of paraffin wax(es) present in the polish is at least 0.3% w/w, more preferably at least 0.5% w/w, most preferably at least 0.7% w/w.
Preferably, the amount of paraffin wax(es) present in the polish is up to 4.5% w/w, more preferably up to 2% w/w, most preferably up to 1.5% w/w.
Preferably, the amount of microcrystalline wax(es) present in the polish is at least 0.05% w/w, more preferably at least 0.1% w/w, most preferably at least 0.2% w/w.
Preferably, the amount of microcrystalline wax(es) present in the polish is up to 1% w/w, more preferably up to 0.6% w/w, most preferably up to 0.4% w/w.
Preferably, the amount of beeswax, when present, in the polish is at least 0.05% w/w, more preferably at least 0.1% w/w, most preferably at least 0.2% w/w.
Preferably, the amount of beeswax, when present, in the polish is up to 1% w/w, more preferably up to 0.6% w/w, most preferably up to 0.4% w/w.
Preferably, the weight of the paraffin wax present exceeds that of the microcrystalline wax.
Preferably, when beeswax is present the weight of the paraffin wax exceeds that of the beeswax; indeed, the weight of the paraffin wax preferably exceeds the combined weight of the microcrystalline wax and the beeswax.
Preferably, there are no waxes present in the polish except for paraffin wax and microcrystalline wax and, when present, beeswax.
Preferably, the polish contains a silicone oil. The silicone oil may be a single type of oil or it may be a mixture of oils. Preferably the total silicone oil content is a mixture of different molecular weight silicone oils, for example a blend of silicone oils having molecular weights from 350 to 30,000, for example silicone 350, silicone 10,000 and silicone 30,000.
Preferably, the silicone oil(s) when present, may be present in an amount up to 10% w/w, more preferably up to 5% w/w. Preferably, the silicone oil(s) when present may comprise at least 1% w/w, preferably at least 2% w/w.
A surfactant may be included in the polish. A surfactant used in the present invention may be selected from anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric or zwitteronic surface active agents.
One class of nonionic surfactants which may be used in the present invention are alkoxylated alcohols, particularly alkoxylated fatty alcohols. These include ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty alcohols, as well as ethoxylated and propoxylated alkyl phenols, both having alkyl groups of from 7 to 16, more preferably 8 to 13 carbon chains in length.
Examples of alkoxylated alcohols include certain ethoxylated alcohol compositions presently commercially available from the Shell Company, (Houston, Tex.) under the general trade name NEODOL (trade mark), which are described to be linear alcohol ethoxylates and certain compositions presently commercially available from the Union Carbide Company, (Danbury, Conn.) under the general trade name TERGITOL (trade mark), which are described to be secondary alcohol ethoxylates.
Examples of alkoxylated alkyl phenols include certain compositions presently commercially available from the Rhône-Poulenc Company (Cranbury, N.J.) under the general trade name IGEPAL (trade mark), which are described to be octyl and nonyl phenols.
Another class of non-ionic surfactants that may be used are sorbitan esters of fatty acids, typically of fatty acids having from 10 to 24 carbon atoms, for example sorbitan mono oleate.
Examples of anionic surface active agents which may be used in the present invention include but are not limited to: alkali metal salts, ammonium salts, amine salts, aminoalcohol salts or the magnesium salts of one or more of the following compounds: alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates, alkylamidoether sulphates, alkylaryl polyether sulphates, monoglyceride sulphates, alkylsulphonates, alkylamide sulphonates, alkylarylsulphonates, olefinsulphonates, paraffin sulphonates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl ether sulfosuccinates, alkylamide sulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfosuccinamate, alkyl sulfoacetates, alkyl phosphates, alkyl ether phosphates, acyl saronsinates, acyl isothionates and N-acyl taurates. Generally, the alkyl or acyl group in these various compounds comprises a carbon chain containing 12 to 20 carbon atoms.
Other anionic surface active agents which may be used include fatty acid salts, including salts of oleic, ricinoleic, palmitic and stearic acids; copra oils or hydrogenated copra oil acid, and acyl lactylates whose acyl group contains 8 to 20 carbon atoms.
Amphoteric surfactants which may be used in the present invention including amphoteric betaine surfactant compounds having the following general formula:
R—N
+
(R
1
)
2
—R
2
COO
−
wherein R is a hydrophobic group which is an alkyl group containing from 10 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl or arylalkyl group containing a similar number of carbon atoms with a benzene ring being treated as equivalent to about 2 carbon atoms, and similar structures interrupted by amido or either linkages; each R
1
is an alkyl group containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and R
2
is an alkylene group containing f

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