Metal working – Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for... – Binding or covering and cutting
Reexamination Certificate
2001-07-06
2004-04-27
Howell, Daniel W. (Department: 3722)
Metal working
Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for...
Binding or covering and cutting
C409S138000, C409S140000, C409S297000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06725515
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to metalworking apparatuses and, more particularly, to deburring machines.
2. Description of the Related Art
In connection with the worldwide increase of continuous steel casting plants, the predominant use of oxygen cutting for subdividing or longitudinal dividing and the rationalization respectively improvement of existing plants, the mechanized or even automated deburring or debeading, i.e., the elimination of the oxygen cutting burr normally on the lower edges of slabs, blooms and billets or the elimination of oxygen cutting beads on the top edges of the same, if possible right after the oxy-cutting longitudinal or cross dividing is increasing in importance. Especially cost advantageous, safe, easy to maintain and easy to implant deburrers with a high deburring rate are indispensable for the high production of modern plants.
Meanwhile there are a big number of well working deburrers, but the cost, the deburring rates, the expense for maintenance, good installation positions (in the production line) and before all the danger of injury and high noise level leave much to be desired.
With all known designs in successful operations so far, the following deburring principles with the appertaining main elements the meanwhile complained deficiencies and disadvantages apply.
Deburring Principles:
The workpieces are lying stationary with their front or end oxygen cutting burr above the deburrer for deburring out of the workpiece and are deburred by being pushed by means of a roller table, pinch rollers or pushing drives.
The workpieces are lying stationary with their front or end oxygen cutting burr above the deburrer for deburring out of the workpiece and are deburred by shifting the deburrer or by rotation of its drum against the fixed workpiece.
The workpieces are moved on a roller table with working or transport speed, the front and the end oxygen cutting burr are knocked off from out of the workpiece by overtaking or counter rotation of a deburrer rotor.
For this the stationary or shifting deburrers of the first three systems are equipped with straight, horizontal scarfing bars or with side by side arranged, maybe as well with elastically lifting or lowering, squared or round shearing blocks.
The deburrers of the fourth system use for deburring little hammers fixed with movable joints distributed along and around a rotor, which stand up by centrifugal force at high numbers of rotation and thus knock off the oxygen cutting burr passing above into many small pieces.
A as far as well successful design of a deburrer differing further away from the above systems is a machine traveling with a feed speed longitudinally with the oxygen cutting burr, which presses a plate like shearing tool on a lever against the lower workpiece surface from below and knocks off or shears off the oxygen cutting burr by a pendulum type swinging to and of the lever horizontally. This design, predominantly used on stationary resting workpieces, can be used because of its limited size of the shearing tool only for limited production, and at that only under limited circumstances such as much time requirement, big space requirement and extreme installation cost.
The three at the present stage most successful deburrers are described in short as follows:
A stationary or shifting deburrer with a piston body out of which adjacent arranged, compressed air propelled pistons shift upward the shear caps which they carry and press them against the lower surface of the workpiece and shear off or push off the cutting oxygen burr relative to its material composition and temperature, when the deburrer or the workpiece are shifting. The main disadvantage of this deburrer is its limited or only complicated use for continuously moving workpieces, its many moving parts and the at times low deburring rate (below 99%), i.e., little rests of the cutting oxygen burr stay at the workpiece or they are only flipped up. As well little pieces of the cutting oxygen burr can stick between neighboring pistons and shear caps and reduce the efficiency of the deburrer very much. This well reduces the deburring rate. Accessibility, safety, availability and low operation noise belong to the advantages of this deburrer.
Stationary and with an exactly above it positioned workpiece works a drum deburrer or respectively rotation deburrer, on the drum of which ring-shaped or round but as well springingly shearing tools could be found adjacently side by side and distributed on the circumference. The drum is lifted hydraulically and rotated slowly, whereby the cutting oxygen burr exactly above is sheared or pushed off. The robust and powerful operation of this deburrer ensure safe working as well with bigger cutting oxygen burrs, but noise and time requirement (stand still and positioning) as well as bad deburring rates together with the high expenses are the disadvantages of this deburrer.
A tilting deburrer with straight all over shearing strips on front and end is the most simple and lowest cost design of a deburrer. Although at a particular tilting a shearing strip is pressed sincerely against the lower surface of the workpiece, the bad deburring rate at side way inclined, convex or concave lower surface and the indispensable forward/backward traveling of the workpiece are the unacceptably big disadvantages of this deburrer, even if the deburring forces and the working noise are kept low by an inclined, evenly, increasing by attaching shearing strip.
The without doubt most positive deburrer for a time independent, fast deburring of workpiece passing without stop, with the smallest space requirement in a roller table gap i.e., following a continuous casting plant is the rotation deburrer with a quickly rotating rotor equipped with hammers.
Of course power requirement and plant cost are very high, but inclined position of the workpiece, convex and concave lower surfaces and differences of moving speeds are no problems for this deburrer within limits, even if the distance to the lower surfaces is given with a tight tolerance.
But other problems are imminent instead. As the oxygen cutting beard is broken through by the many small hammers often and unevenly with high forces and great speeds a very great noise develops. The wear is disproportionately high and often the hammers are destroyed and more often burr pieces are flipped up and subsequently not eliminated.
The amount of maintenance is extremely high due to the exchange or replacement of the little hammers and the necessary disassembly of protection panels, especially since the latter must be fastened very carefully because of the burr pieces flying away with high energy. Otherwise bad injuries or damages are caused by metal pieces flying further away.
Much less noise and more safety has a deburrer which operates with slower, i.e., with roller table speed at maximum. For this a beam-like piston body, arranged below the workpiece and equipped with compressed air actuated deburring pistons, is shifted for deburring against the stationary or slowly moving oxygen cutting burr after being pressed against the lower surface for deburring to well the workpiece can be pushed with its oxygen cutting burr against the stationary deburrer and this happens twice per workpiece at each end out of the workpiece toward the respective end and further on. This way no metal pieces flying around dangerously, as well if no complicated protection cover is necessary, but the workpiece has to be traveled to and from, wasting time. and space. But with this design parts of the oxygen cutting burr are flipped up as well.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A mechanical scarfing deburrer for the elimination of oxygen cutting burrs and oxygen cutting beads after the thermochemical transversal or longitudinal dividing of steel workpieces like slabs, blooms and billets in hot or cold condition, stationary or moving on a roller table, can be generally stated as including a horizontally arranged deburrer drum or a deburrer drum segment supported
Argarwal Brij K.
Eckert Seamans Cherin & Mellott , LLC
Gega Corporation
Howell Daniel W.
Ross Dana
LandOfFree
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